6. Learning

As documented across several cultures, the Big Five personality factors have _____ heritability.

For classical conditioning to be effective, the conditioned stimulus must be

Every time Paul's neighbor upstairs plays loud music, Paul bangs on his ceiling with a broom and the music stops. Paul's behavior of banging on the ceiling to get the music to stop is an example of

At the end of the first day of kindergarten and the entire week thereafter, Jeremiah's teacher exclaimed, 'You may all leave' just after the sounding of a loud bell. On the first day of the second week of school, Jeremiah immediately left the room just as the school bell rang, without any notice from his teacher. In this example, what is the conditioned response?

A naturally occurring stimulus that leads to an involuntary (reflex) response is a(n)

The behavior of infants and animals can be easily reinforced using

A person's perception of their actual characteristics, traits, and abilities is called the

_____  reinforcement is more resistant to extinction than _____ reinforcement.

In Seligman's study on dogs, the dogs that were not conditioned to fear the tone

The term extinction may be misleading, because

In Köhler's experiment, Sultan the chimp first used just one stick that was lying in his cage to rake the banana into the cage, and then he learned to fit two sticks together to reach a banana placed farther away. This was an example of

Voluntary behavior, to Skinner, was _____ behavior.

Shortly after eating a piece of his great aunt's famous coconut cake, which he has had many times, Amad became very nauseous. Now, whenever his great aunt offers him a piece of cake, Amad quickly declines. Which of the following concepts best explains Amad's change in behavior?

Sammy and his friends are watching animated fight scenes on television. Based on Bandura's findings in the Bobo doll experiment, it seems likely that later, at play, Sammy and his friends will

Sixteen-year-old Esmerelda often drinks several glasses of beer and then drives herself home. When her parents express worry that her drinking and driving will lead to an accident, Esmerelda responds, "That won't happen to me. It only happens to other people." Esmerelda's thinking reflects