Textbook Question
Which of the following pairs of substances would you expect to form solutions?
a. CCl₄ and water
b. Benzene (C₆H₆) and MgSO₄
c. Hexane (C₆H₁₄) and heptane (C₇H₁₆)
d. Ethyl alcohol (C₂H₅OH) and heptanol (C₇H₁₅OH)
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13. Solutions
Solubility and Intermolecular Forces
Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is/are true?
a) Methane will dissolve completely in acetone, CH3COCH3.
b) Hydrofluoric acid (HF) will form a heterogeneous mixture with tetrachloride, CCl4.
c) Pentane will form a homogeneous mixture with CBr4.
d) Methanethiol (CH3SH) is miscible in fluoromethane (CH3F).
A
A
B
B & C
C
C & D
D
B,C, & D
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of solubility and miscibility. Solubility refers to the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent, forming a homogeneous mixture. Miscibility is a specific type of solubility where two liquids can mix in any proportion without separating.
Step 2: Analyze statement (a). Methane is a non-polar molecule, while acetone is a polar solvent. Generally, 'like dissolves like,' meaning polar solvents dissolve polar solutes, and non-polar solvents dissolve non-polar solutes. Therefore, methane is unlikely to dissolve completely in acetone.
Step 3: Evaluate statement (b). Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is polar, while carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is non-polar. Due to their differing polarities, HF and CCl4 will not mix well, forming a heterogeneous mixture.
Step 4: Consider statement (c). Pentane and carbon tetrabromide (CBr4) are both non-polar substances. Non-polar substances tend to mix well with each other, forming a homogeneous mixture.
Step 5: Assess statement (d). Methanethiol (CH3SH) and fluoromethane (CH3F) are both polar molecules. Polar molecules are generally miscible with each other, so CH3SH is likely to be miscible in CH3F.
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