23. The Digestive System

Bile release from the gallbladder into the duodenum occurs only under the stimulation of

(a) Cholecystokinin

(b) Secretin

(c) Gastrin

(d) Enteropeptidase

The primary hormone that triggers the secretion of pancreatic juice and bile is:

a. Gastric inhibitory peptide

b. Cholecystokinin

c. Motilin

d. Somatostatin

Mr. Williams presents to your clinic with a complaint of abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant. He says that the pain worsens when he eats, particularly when he eats fatty meals. He has noticed that his stool has been an unusual clay color recently. You perform an ultrasound of his abdomen and find that gallstones are blocking his common bile duct, preventing bile from entering the duodenum.

Why are his symptoms worse when he consumes a high-fat meal? Would you expect his symptoms to worsen or lessen when he consumes a meal consisting only of carbohydrates? Explain.

More than one choice may apply.

Which of these organs lies in the right hypochondriac region of the abdomen?

a. Stomach

b. Spleen

c. Cecum

d. Liver

Indicate the function of the stellate macrophages and the hepatocytes of the liver.

The gallbladder

a. Produces bile

b. Is attached to the pancreas

c. Stores and concentrates bile

d. Produces secretin

A branch of the hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery proper, and branch of the bile duct form\(a) A liver lobule

(b) The sinusoids

(c) A portal triad

(d) The hepatic duct

(e) The pancreatic duct

Explain why fatty stools result from the absence of bile or pancreatic juice.

Which of the following statements about bile is true?