12. The Central Nervous System

Which of the following body parts would you expect to have the greatest size difference between its area on the motor homunculus and its area on the sensory homunculus?

The two cerebral hemispheres are functionally different, even though anatomically they appear the same.

(a) True

(b) False

A number of brain structures are listed below. If an area is primarily gray matter, write a in the answer blank; if mostly white matter, respond with b. 

________  (1) cerebral cortex 

________   (2) corpus callosum and corona radiata 

________   (3) red nucleus 

________   (4) medial and lateral nuclear groups 

________   (5) medial lemniscus 

________   (6) cranial nerve nuclei 

________   (7) spinothalamic tract 

________   (8) fornix 

________  (9) cingulate and precentral gyri

What kinds of problems are associated with the presence of lesions in the Wernicke's area and the Broca's area?

Which of the following diseases would you expect might result from a dysfunction of the basal nuclei?

Which statement about cerebral white matter is false?

a. Commissural fibers connect the right and left cerebral hemispheres.

b. Projection fibers connect the cerebral cortex of one hemisphere with structures in the other hemisphere.

c. The corpus callosum is the largest bundle of white matter in the brain.

d. Association fibers connect the gyri of the cerebral cortex with one another.

How could you tell the difference between an injury that damaged the cerebellum and one that damaged the basal nuclei?

The primary motor cortex, Broca's area, and the premotor cortex are located in which lobe?

a. Frontal

b. Parietal

c. Temporal

d. Occipital

A patient has suffered a cerebral hemorrhage that has caused dysfunction of the precentral gyrus of his right cerebral cortex. As a result:

a. He cannot voluntarily move his left arm or leg.

b. He feels no sensation on the left side of his body.

c. He feels no sensation on his right side.

Mark the following statements about the cerebral cortex as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

The primary visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe.

The central sulcus separates the:

a. Parietal and temporal lobes

b. Parietal and occipital lobes

c. Frontal and temporal lobes

d. Frontal and parietal lobes

The only cranial nerves that are attached to the cerebrum are the____ nerves.

(a) optic

(b) oculomotor

(c) trochlear

(d) olfactory

(e) abducens

a. What is the advantage of having a cerebrum that is highly convoluted?

b. What term is used to indicate its grooves? Its outward folds?

c. Which groove divides the cerebrum into two hemispheres?

d. What divides the parietal from the frontal lobe? The parietal from the temporal lobe?