19. The Blood Vessels

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

Arteries are the exchange vessels of the cardiovascular system.

Using the letters from column B, match the artery descriptions in column A. (Note that some require more than a single choice.)

Column A 

____  (1) unpaired branch of abdominal aorta 

____  (2) second branch of aortic arch 

____ 3) branch of internal carotid 

____ (4) branch of external carotid 

____  (5) origin of femoral arteries

Column B

a. right common carotid

b. superior mesenteric

c. left common carotid

d. external iliac

e. inferior mesenteric

f. superficial temporal

g. celiac trunk

h. facial

i. ophthalmic

j. internal iliac

Match the following arteries with the correct description. 

__Radial artery      

__Celiac trunk      

__Basilar artery       

__Superior mesenteric artery      

__Dorsalis pedis artery      

__Femoral artery      

__Internal iliac artery      

__Renal artery      

__Internal carotid artery      

__Subclavian artery

a. Supplies the small intestine and most of the large intestine 

b. Supplies the pelvis 

c. Supplies the upper limb 

d. Located in the lateral forearm 

e. Provides the blood supply to the lower limb 

f. Supplies the brain via the anterior and middle cerebral arteries 

g. Large single branch off the aorta that supplies the liver, stomach, duodenum, and spleen 

h. Supplies the foot and ankle 

i. Supplies the kidney 

j. Forms from the fusion of the two vertebral arteries 

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

Increased concentrations of carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions and a decreased concentration of oxygen in the interstitial fluid cause local arteriolar constriction.

The unpaired arteries supplying blood to the visceral organs include:

(a) The adrenal, renal, and lumbar arteries

(b) The iliac, gonadal, and femoral arteries

(c) The celiac and superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

(d) All of these

Identify the superficial structures in the following diagram of the heart.

a. ___

b. ___

c. ___

d. ___

e. ___

f. ___

g. ___

h. ___

Which of the following is not a common pulse point?

a. Femoral artery

b. Subclavian artery

c. Common carotid artery

d. Brachial artery

Florita Santos, a middle-aged woman, is admitted to the coronary care unit with a diagnosis of left ventricular failure resulting from a myocardial infarction. Her history indicates that she awoke in the middle of the night with severe chest pain. Her skin is pale and cold, and moist sounds are heard over the lower regions of both lungs. Explain how failure of the left ventricle can cause these signs and symptoms.

Fill in the blanks: The coronary arteries are the first branches off the ________. The right coronary artery becomes the ________ on the posterior side of the heart. The left coronary artery branches into the ________ and the ________.

The blood vessels that play the most important role in regulating blood pressure and blood flow to a tissue are the:

(a) Arteries

(b) Arterioles

(c) Veins

(d) Venules

(e) Capillaries

Relate the anatomical differences between arteries and veins to their functions.

The baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch are sensitive to

a. a decrease in CO₂

b. changes in arterial pressure

c. a decrease in O₂

d. all of these