19. The Blood Vessels

More than one choice may apply.

Which of the following are associated with aging?

a. Increasing blood pressure

b. Weakening of venous valves

c. Arteriosclerosis

d. Collapse of the ductus arteriosus

Predict which would be more damaging to long-term survival: a blood clot lodged in the right coronary artery or one in the left coronary artery. Explain.

The myocardium receives its blood supply directly from the:

a. Aorta

b. Coronary arteries

c. Coronary sinus

d. Pulmonary arteries

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

The pulmonary circuit delivers blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs to become oxygenated.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

The tunica media consists of smooth muscle cells innervated by vasomotor nerves.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

Muscular arteries control blood flow at the tissue level.

The paired arteries supplying blood to the body wall and other structures outside the abdominopelvic cavity include the:

a) Left gastric, hepatic, splenic, and phrenic arteries

(b) Adrenal, colic, lumbar, and gonadal arteries

(c) Iliac, femoral, and lumbar arteries

(d) Celiac, left gastric, and superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

Explain why a severed artery spurts blood, whereas a severed vein merely leaks blood.

A 60-year-old man is unable to walk more than 100 yards without experiencing severe pain in his left leg; the pain is relieved by resting for 5–10 minutes. He is told that the arteries of his leg are becoming occluded with fatty material and is advised to have the sympathetic nerves serving that body region severed. Explain how such surgery might help to relieve this man's problem.

Distinguish between elastic arteries, muscular arteries, and arterioles relative to location, histology, and functional adaptations.

Which type of artery has the thickest tunica media in proportion to the rest of its wall?

The two arteries formed by the division of the brachiocephalic trunk are the:

(a) Aorta and internal carotid

(b) Axillary and brachial

(c) External and internal carotid

(d) Common carotid and subclavian

What is the protein-rich substance in elastic arteries that contributes to their ability to recoil & maintain blood pressure during diastole?