14. The Autonomic Nervous System

You are running a race to the top of a mountain. Explain all the changes your sympathetic nervous system will initiate to maintain homeostasis as you run the race.

Efferent neurons in the sympathetic nervous system will always arise in the __________________. Then, they will pass through the sympathetic ____________, where they will either synapse with another neuron, or continue towards the effector and synapse later on.

A preganglionic fiber arriving at the sympathetic trunk could do any of the following EXCEPT:

Describe the meaning and importance of sympathetic tone and parasympathetic tone.

The parasympathetic nervous system influences digestion by:

a. Relaxing smooth muscle

b. Stimulating peristalsis and secretory activity

c. Constricting sphincters

d. None of these

How does the emergence of sympathetic fibers from the spinal cord differ from the emergence of parasympathetic fibers?

Indicate the results of sympathetic activation of the following structures: sweat glands, eye pupils, adrenal medullae, heart, bronchioles of the lungs, liver, blood vessels of vigorously working skeletal muscles, blood vessels of digestive viscera, salivary glands.

Describe the neural mechanisms responsible for controlling blood pressure.

Using 20 or fewer words, define each of the following terms in your own words.

a. Sympathetic nervous system

Explain both the anatomical and functional divisions of the nervous system. Include the subdivisions of each.

The sympathetic nervous system is also known as the ________ division because the cell bodies of its preganglionic neurons are located in the ________ .