14. The Autonomic Nervous System

Why does the sympathetic nervous system cause decreased activity in the digestive tract?

Which of the following structures would not be innervated by splanchnic nerves?

Mr. Chevalier has been diagnosed with Horner syndrome, which is caused by dysfunction of the sympathetic neurons in the superior cervical ganglion that innervate structures of the head, face, and neck. What symptoms is Mr. Chevalier likely to face due to his disease? Explain.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. Sympathetic stimulation increases sweat secretion.

Why are many preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system short?

Which of the following statements is true?

Common findings in heart failure are fluid retention by the kidneys and stimulation of the heart by the sympathetic nervous system. How would both of these findings help the body to compensate for the failing heart?

Which of the following actions would you expect when sympathetic neurons release norepinephrine onto β₁ receptors?

a. Decreased sweat production

b. Constriction of blood vessels serving the digestive, urinary, and integumentary systems

c. Adjustment of the shape of the lens

d. Increase in the rate and force of contraction of the heart.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

d. Sympathetic tone controls the resting rate of the heart.