2. Describing Data with Tables and Graphs

Shark Attacks Explain how the following graph is misleading.

Which of the following best describes how a Pareto chart differs from a standard vertical bar graph?

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between a $\mathrm{Pareto}$ chart and a $\mathrm{histogram}$ chart?

Which of the following best describes how a Pareto chart differs from a standard vertical bar graph?

Which of the following best describes how a Pareto chart differs from a standard vertical bar graph?

Desirability Attributes A random sample of 2163 adults (aged 18 and over) was asked, “Given a choice of the following, which one would you most want to be?” The results of the survey are presented in the side-by-side bar graph. Which attribute do females desire more than males?

Which of the following best describes how a Pareto chart differs from a standard vertical bar graph?

Using the table below, which category would appear first in a Pareto Chart representing the data?

Which of the following best describes how a Pareto chart differs from a standard vertical bar graph?

Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of bar graphs?

Made in America A random sample of 2163 adults (aged 18 and over) was asked, “When you see an ad emphasizing that a product is ‘Made in America,’ are you more likely to buy it, less likely to buy it, or neither more nor less likely to buy it?” The results of the survey are presented in the side-by-side bar graph. Which age group has the greatest proportion who are more likely to buy when made in America?

Identity Theft Identity fraud occurs when someone else’s personal information is used to open credit card accounts, apply for a job, receive benefits, and so on. The following relative frequency bar graph represents the various types of identity theft based on a study conducted by the Federal Trade Commission. Approximately what percentage of identity theft was loan fraud (such as applying for a loan in someone else’s name)?

The Pareto chart is primarily used to

Most Valuable Player The following Pareto chart shows the position played by the most valuable player (MVP) in the National League since 1931. How many MVPs played first base (1B)?

Extending Concepts

A Misleading Graph? A misleading graph is not drawn appropriately, which can misrepresent data and lead to false conclusions. In Exercises 37–40, (a) explain why the graph is misleading, and (b) redraw the graph so that it is not misleading.