9. Hypothesis Testing for One Sample

Which of the following pairs correctly represent a valid null hypothesis and its corresponding alternative hypothesis for testing whether the mean of a population is equal to $50$?

In Exercises 1–10, use a 0.05 significance level with the indicated test. If no particular test is specified, use the appropriate nonparametric test from this chapter.

World Series The last 114 baseball World Series ended with 66 wins by American League teams and 48 wins by National League teams. Use the sign test to test the claim that in each World Series, the American League team has a 0.5 probability of winning.

Which of the following is defined by the significance level of a hypothesis test?

Which of the following scenarios would result in a null hypothesis $p\le 0.69$ and an alternative hypothesis $p>0.69$?

Interpreting Power Chantix (varenicline) tablets are used as an aid to help people stop smoking. In a clinical trial, 129 subjects were treated with Chantix twice a day for 12 weeks, and 16 subjects experienced abdominal pain (based on data from Pfizer, Inc.). If someone claims that more than 8% of Chantix users experience abdominal pain, that claim is supported with a hypothesis test conducted with a 0.05 significance level. Using 0.18 as an alternative value of p, the power of the test is 0.96. Interpret this value of the power of the test.

In the context of hypothesis testing, what are the two possible decisions you can make after performing the test?

Which of the following accurately describes a hypothesis test?

Which of the following is not a requirement for regression analysis?

Which of the following is not a criterion for making a decision in a hypothesis test?

Which of the following is not true when conducting hypothesis testing with independent samples?

In the context of hypothesis testing, when is it appropriate to use the $t$-test for paired differences?

Heights of Females from ANSUR I and ANSUR II Example 1 in this section used samples of heights of males from Data Set 1 “ANSUR I 1988” and Data Set 2 “ANSUR II 2012.” Listed below are samples of heights (mm) of females from those same data sets. Are the requirements for using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test satisfied? Why or why not?

Which of the following is not true when testing a claim about a population proportion?

The t-test is principally a test of __________.

Explain what a P-value is. What is the criterion for rejecting the null hypothesis using the P-value approach?