7. Memory

_____ is the tendency for memory of any kind of information to be improved if the physical surroundings available when the memory is first formed are also available when the memory is being retrieved.

Chris learns her vocabulary words while listening to upbeat, happy music, and is then better able to remember them later if she is happy. This is called

Gabriella has the ability to look quickly at a page in a book, then focus on a blank piece of paper and "read" the words from the image of the page that still linger in his sensory memory. Gabriella's ability is an example of

The system of working memory processes the information in

Chad and Jeremy decide to train together to participate in a triathlon. Jeremy is doing it because he likes the challenge, but Chad is only doing it because he wants to win the prize money. Chad is being motivated by a(n) _____ drive.

Carl is able to remember the names of the first three presidents before he begins to have difficulty. This is

In the information-processing model, the first process in the memory system is _____ memory.

Kestrel always asks for a window whenever he flies, because he loves looking at the clouds and their shapes as the plane flies above them. The type of sensory memory used when viewing the clouds is _____ memory.

Which of the following is a feature of the storage stage of memory?

Research suggests that short-term memories are stored in the

Sensory information is converted into a form usable in the brain's storage systems by a set of mental operations called

In an original study that explored how information is stored in long-term memory, Collins and Quillian (1969) asked participants to respond "true" or "false" as quickly as possible to sentences such as "a canary is a bird" and "a canary is an animal." The results of this study suggest that

A psychological tension and physical arousal present when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fulfill the need and reduce the tension is called a(n)

People's memories of September 11, 2001, are best described as

_____ refers to the psychological tension and physical arousal created when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fulfill the need and reduce the tension.