7. Substitution Reactions

Rank the following anions based on their stability as potential leaving groups. Explain your reasoning (1 = most stable ; 5 = least stable).

Which member in each pair in [PROBLEM 9-68] is a better leaving group?

c. H₂O or H₂S

d. HO⁻ or HS⁻

Which of the following is the better leaving group in a polar aprotic solvent?

(b)

Based on your answer to Assessment 12.8, which bases would you expect to be good leaving groups?

Which member in each pair in [PROBLEM 9-68] is a better leaving group?

e. I⁻ or Br⁻

f. Cl⁻ or Br⁻

Which of the following is the better leaving group in a polar aprotic solvent?

(a) HO⁻ vs. F⁻

Which reaction in each of the following pairs takes place more rapidly? (EtOH is ethyl alcohol; Et₂O is diethyl ether.)

a.

b.

c.