Textbook Question
Given that resistant strains of pathogens are a concern to the general health of a population, what can be done to prevent their development?
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Ch. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - A Brief History of Microbiology31
- Ch. 2 - The Chemistry of Microbiology28
- Ch. 3 - Cell Structure and Function39
- Ch. 4 - Microscopy, Staining, and Classification25
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism51
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Nutrition and Growth37
- Ch. 7 - Microbial Genetics51
- Ch. 8 - Recombinant DNA Technology21
- Ch. 9 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment36
- Ch. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs21
- Ch. 11 - Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes29
- Ch. 12 - Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes34
- Ch. 13 - Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions23
- Ch. 14 - Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology35
- Ch. 15 - Innate Immunity34
- Ch. 16 - Adaptive Immunity21
- Ch. 17 - Immunization and Immune Testing29
- Ch. 18 - Immune Disorders22
- Ch. 19 - Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria25
- Ch. 20 - Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli28
- Ch. 21 - Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios25
- Ch. 22 - Pathogenic Fungi47
- Ch. 23 - Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors44
- Ch. 24 - Pathogenic DNA Viruses23
- Ch. 25 - Pathogenic RNA Viruses30
- Ch. 26 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology29
- Ch. 27 - Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes22
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Bauman 6th EditionCh. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial DrugsProblem 7
Bauman 6th EditionCh. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial DrugsProblem 7Chapter 10, Problem 7
Which of the following is most closely associated with a beta-lactam ring?
a. Penicillin
b. Vancomycin
c. Bacitracin
d. Isoniazid
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Understand that a beta-lactam ring is a specific chemical structure found in certain antibiotics, characterized by a four-membered lactam (a cyclic amide) ring.
Recall that beta-lactam antibiotics work by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, specifically targeting penicillin-binding proteins.
Identify which of the listed antibiotics contains this beta-lactam ring structure: penicillin, vancomycin, bacitracin, or isoniazid.
Recognize that penicillin is the classic example of a beta-lactam antibiotic, as it contains the beta-lactam ring essential for its antibacterial activity.
Conclude that among the options, penicillin is most closely associated with the beta-lactam ring.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Beta-lactam Ring Structure
The beta-lactam ring is a four-membered lactam (a cyclic amide) that is a key structural component of certain antibiotics. This ring is essential for the antibiotic's mechanism of action, as it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis by inhibiting penicillin-binding proteins.
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Prokaryotic Flagellar Structure
Penicillin and Beta-lactam Antibiotics
Penicillin is a classic example of a beta-lactam antibiotic, characterized by the presence of the beta-lactam ring. These antibiotics target bacterial cell wall synthesis, making them effective against many Gram-positive bacteria by disrupting peptidoglycan cross-linking.
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Differences Among Antibiotics Listed
Vancomycin, bacitracin, and isoniazid differ structurally and mechanistically from beta-lactam antibiotics. Vancomycin inhibits cell wall synthesis but lacks a beta-lactam ring; bacitracin interferes with cell wall precursors; isoniazid targets mycolic acid synthesis in mycobacteria.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Drugs that act against protein synthesis include ___________ .
a. Beta-lactams
b. Trimethoprim
c. Polymyxin
d. Aminoglycosides
Textbook Question
Multiple-drug-resistant microbes _____________________ .
a. Are resistant to all antimicrobial agents
b. Respond to new antimicrobials by developing resistance
c. Frequently develop in hospitals
d. All of the above
Textbook Question
A man has been given a broad-spectrum antibiotic for his stomach ulcer. What unintended consequences could arise from this therapy?
Textbook Question
Compare and contrast the actions of polyenes, azoles, allylamines, and polymyxin.
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Textbook Question
Cross resistance is __________ .
a. The deactivation of an antimicrobial agent by a bacterial enzyme
b. Alteration of the resistant cells so that an antimicrobial agent cannot attach
c. The mutation of genes that affect the cytoplasmic membrane channels so that antimicrobial agents cannot cross into the cell’s interior
d. Resistance to one antimicrobial agent because of its similarity to another antimicrobial agent