Textbook Question
Given that resistant strains of pathogens are a concern to the general health of a population, what can be done to prevent their development?
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Ch. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - A Brief History of Microbiology31
- Ch. 2 - The Chemistry of Microbiology28
- Ch. 3 - Cell Structure and Function39
- Ch. 4 - Microscopy, Staining, and Classification25
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism51
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Nutrition and Growth37
- Ch. 7 - Microbial Genetics51
- Ch. 8 - Recombinant DNA Technology21
- Ch. 9 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment36
- Ch. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs21
- Ch. 11 - Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes29
- Ch. 12 - Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes34
- Ch. 13 - Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions23
- Ch. 14 - Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology35
- Ch. 15 - Innate Immunity34
- Ch. 16 - Adaptive Immunity21
- Ch. 17 - Immunization and Immune Testing29
- Ch. 18 - Immune Disorders22
- Ch. 19 - Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria25
- Ch. 20 - Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli28
- Ch. 21 - Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios25
- Ch. 22 - Pathogenic Fungi47
- Ch. 23 - Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors44
- Ch. 24 - Pathogenic DNA Viruses23
- Ch. 25 - Pathogenic RNA Viruses30
- Ch. 26 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology29
- Ch. 27 - Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes22
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Bauman 6th EditionCh. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial DrugsProblem 6
Bauman 6th EditionCh. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial DrugsProblem 6Chapter 10, Problem 6
Multiple-drug-resistant microbes _____________________ .
a. Are resistant to all antimicrobial agents
b. Respond to new antimicrobials by developing resistance
c. Frequently develop in hospitals
d. All of the above
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the term 'multiple-drug-resistant microbes' (MDR microbes). These are microorganisms that have developed resistance to multiple antimicrobial drugs, making infections caused by them difficult to treat.
Step 2: Analyze option (a): 'are resistant to all antimicrobial agents.' Consider whether MDR microbes are resistant to every antimicrobial agent or just several, and understand the difference between multidrug resistance and pan-resistance.
Step 3: Analyze option (b): 'respond to new antimicrobials by developing resistance.' Reflect on how microbes can adapt over time, especially under selective pressure from antimicrobial use, leading to resistance development.
Step 4: Analyze option (c): 'frequently develop in hospitals.' Think about the hospital environment, where antimicrobial use is high and patients are vulnerable, creating conditions that favor the emergence of MDR microbes.
Step 5: Combine your understanding of all options to determine if 'all of the above' (option d) correctly summarizes the characteristics of multiple-drug-resistant microbes.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Definition of Multiple-Drug-Resistant Microbes
Multiple-drug-resistant microbes are microorganisms that have acquired resistance to several antimicrobial drugs, making infections difficult to treat. They are not necessarily resistant to all drugs but show resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics.
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Mechanisms of Resistance Development
Microbes can develop resistance through genetic mutations or acquiring resistance genes, often in response to exposure to new antimicrobials. This adaptive process allows them to survive treatments that would normally kill them or inhibit their growth.
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Hospital Environment and Resistance
Hospitals are common sites for the emergence and spread of drug-resistant microbes due to high antibiotic use and vulnerable patient populations. This environment promotes selection and transmission of resistant strains, leading to frequent outbreaks.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following is most closely associated with a beta-lactam ring?
a. Penicillin
b. Vancomycin
c. Bacitracin
d. Isoniazid
Textbook Question
Drugs that act against protein synthesis include ___________ .
a. Beta-lactams
b. Trimethoprim
c. Polymyxin
d. Aminoglycosides
Textbook Question
Which of the following statements is relevant in explaining why sulfonamides are effective?
a. Sulfonamides attach to sterol lipids in the pathogen, disrupt the membranes, and lyse the cells.
b. Sulfonamides prevent the incorporation of amino acids into polypeptide chains.
c. Humans and microbes use PABA differently in their metabolism.
d. Sulfonamides inhibit DNA replication in both pathogens and human cells.
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Textbook Question
Support or refute the following statement: Antimicrobial agents make cells become resistant.
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Textbook Question
Cross resistance is __________ .
a. The deactivation of an antimicrobial agent by a bacterial enzyme
b. Alteration of the resistant cells so that an antimicrobial agent cannot attach
c. The mutation of genes that affect the cytoplasmic membrane channels so that antimicrobial agents cannot cross into the cell’s interior
d. Resistance to one antimicrobial agent because of its similarity to another antimicrobial agent