Textbook Question
Which of the following is part of each molecule of mRNA?
a. Palindrome
b. Codon
c. Anticodon
d. Base pair
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Ch. 7 - Microbial Genetics
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - A Brief History of Microbiology31
- Ch. 2 - The Chemistry of Microbiology28
- Ch. 3 - Cell Structure and Function39
- Ch. 4 - Microscopy, Staining, and Classification25
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism51
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Nutrition and Growth37
- Ch. 7 - Microbial Genetics51
- Ch. 8 - Recombinant DNA Technology21
- Ch. 9 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment36
- Ch. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs21
- Ch. 11 - Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes29
- Ch. 12 - Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes34
- Ch. 13 - Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions23
- Ch. 14 - Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology35
- Ch. 15 - Innate Immunity34
- Ch. 16 - Adaptive Immunity21
- Ch. 17 - Immunization and Immune Testing29
- Ch. 18 - Immune Disorders22
- Ch. 19 - Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria25
- Ch. 20 - Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli28
- Ch. 21 - Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios25
- Ch. 22 - Pathogenic Fungi47
- Ch. 23 - Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors44
- Ch. 24 - Pathogenic DNA Viruses23
- Ch. 25 - Pathogenic RNA Viruses30
- Ch. 26 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology29
- Ch. 27 - Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes22
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 7, Problem 19
A sequence of nucleotides formed during replication of the lagging DNA strand is a(n):
a. Palindrome
b. Okazaki fragment
c. Coding strand
d. Operon
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the context of DNA replication, specifically the difference between the leading and lagging strands. The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in short segments.
Recall that during replication, the lagging strand is formed in small pieces because DNA polymerase can only synthesize DNA in the 5' to 3' direction, which is opposite to the overall direction of the lagging strand.
Identify the name given to these short segments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand. These segments are known as Okazaki fragments.
Review the other options to ensure they do not fit the description: a palindrome is a sequence that reads the same forward and backward, a coding strand is the DNA strand that has the same sequence as the mRNA, and an operon is a cluster of genes under control of a single promoter.
Conclude that the correct term for the short DNA sequences formed on the lagging strand during replication is 'Okazaki fragment'.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Lagging Strand DNA Replication
During DNA replication, the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in short segments because DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction. This results in the formation of multiple short DNA fragments that are later joined together.
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Leading & Lagging DNA Strands
Okazaki Fragments
Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication. These fragments are later connected by DNA ligase to form a continuous strand, enabling complete replication of the lagging strand.
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DNA Strand Terminology
Understanding terms like coding strand, palindrome, and operon is essential. The coding strand is the DNA strand with the same sequence as mRNA, a palindrome is a sequence that reads the same forward and backward, and an operon is a cluster of genes regulated together, none of which describe lagging strand fragments.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following is not part of an operon?
a. Operator
b. Promoter
c. Origin
d. Gene
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Textbook Question
A nucleotide is made of:
a. A five-carbon sugar
b. Phosphate
c. A nitrogenous base
d. All of the above
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Textbook Question
Repressible operons are important in regulating prokaryotic:
a. DNA replication
b. RNA transcription
c. rRNA processing
d. Sugar catabolism
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Textbook Question
Transcription produces:
a. DNA molecules
b. RNA molecules
c. Polypeptides
d. Palindromes
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Textbook Question
Although two cells are totally unrelated, one cell receives DNA from the other cell and incorporates this new DNA into its chromosome. This process is ___________.
a. crossing over of DNA from the two cells
b. vertical gene transfer
c. horizontal gene transfer
d. transposition
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