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Ch. 7 - Microbial Genetics
Bauman - Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy 6th Edition
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302Not the one you use?Change textbook
All textbooksBauman 6th EditionCh. 7 - Microbial GeneticsProblem 16
Chapter 7, Problem 16

Transcription produces:
a. DNA molecules
b. RNA molecules
c. Polypeptides
d. Palindromes

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1
Understand the process of transcription in molecular biology: Transcription is the process by which the genetic information in DNA is copied into a complementary RNA molecule.
Recall that transcription occurs in the cell nucleus (in eukaryotes) and involves the enzyme RNA polymerase, which synthesizes RNA from the DNA template.
Identify the product of transcription: since RNA polymerase reads the DNA template strand, it produces an RNA strand complementary to the DNA.
Recognize that the RNA produced can be messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), or ribosomal RNA (rRNA), but all are types of RNA molecules.
Therefore, transcription produces RNA molecules, which corresponds to option b.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Transcription Process

Transcription is the process by which a segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase. It is the first step in gene expression, producing an RNA molecule complementary to the DNA template strand.
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1) RNA Processing

RNA Molecules

RNA molecules are single-stranded nucleic acids that play various roles in the cell, including messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
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1) RNA Processing

Difference Between Transcription and Translation

Transcription produces RNA from DNA, while translation uses mRNA to synthesize polypeptides (proteins). Understanding this distinction clarifies that transcription does not produce DNA or proteins directly.
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Review of Transcription vs. Translation
Related Practice
Textbook Question

Which of the following statements is true?


a. Conjugation requires a sex pilus extending from the surface of a cell.

b. Conjugation involves a C factor.

c. Conjugation is an artificial genetic engineering technique.

d. Conjugation involves DNA that has been released into the environment.

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Textbook Question

Which of the following is not part of an operon?

a. Operator

b. Promoter

c. Origin

d. Gene

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Textbook Question

Which of the following are called “jumping genes”?


a. Hfr cells

b. Transducing phages

c. Palindromic sequences

d. Transposons

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Textbook Question

A sequence of nucleotides formed during replication of the lagging DNA strand is a(n):

a. Palindrome

b. Okazaki fragment

c. Coding strand

d. Operon

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Textbook Question

A nucleotide is made of:

a. A five-carbon sugar

b. Phosphate

c. A nitrogenous base

d. All of the above

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Textbook Question

Although two cells are totally unrelated, one cell receives DNA from the other cell and incorporates this new DNA into its chromosome. This process is ___________.


a. crossing over of DNA from the two cells

b. vertical gene transfer

c. horizontal gene transfer

d. transposition

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