Q: A student measures the mass of a metal block as 45.6 g and its volume as 12.0 mL. What is the density of the block, expressed with the correct number of significant figures?

$$d = \frac{45.6\ \text{g}}{12.0\ \text{mL}} = 3.80\ \text{g/mL}$$

Q: A sample of liquid has a mass of 150 g and occupies a volume of 200 mL. What is its density?

$$d = \frac{150\ \text{g}}{200\ \text{mL}} = 0.75\ \text{g/mL}$$

Q: Which of the following is an example of a covalent bond?

The bond between hydrogen and oxygen in water ($$\text{H}_2\text{O})$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes a compound?

Accepted Answer

A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio.

Question 2

Which SI unit would you use to measure the amount of a substance in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Mole

Question 3

A student measures the mass of a metal block as 45.6 g and its volume as 12.0 mL. What is the density of the block, expressed with the correct number of significant figures?

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{45.6\ 	ext{g}}{12.0\ 	ext{mL}} = 3.80\ 	ext{g/mL}$$

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why ionic bonds form between metals and nonmetals?

Accepted Answer

Metals lose electrons to nonmetals, resulting in oppositely charged ions that attract each other.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a pure substance?

Accepted Answer

Air

Question 6

A chemist needs to measure the temperature of a reaction. Which SI unit should be used?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Question 7

Which of the following statements about atoms is correct?

Accepted Answer

Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons orbit around it.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between an element and a compound?

Accepted Answer

An element cannot be broken down by chemical means, while a compound can.

Question 9

A sample of liquid has a mass of 150 g and occupies a volume of 200 mL. What is its density?

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{150\ 	ext{g}}{200\ 	ext{mL}} = 0.75\ 	ext{g/mL}$$

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between hydrogen and oxygen in water ($$	ext{H}_2	ext{O})$$

Question 11

Which property distinguishes a solid from a liquid?

Accepted Answer

Solids have a fixed shape and volume, while liquids have a fixed volume but no fixed shape.

Question 12

Which of the following measurements contains the correct number of significant figures?

Accepted Answer

0.00450 has three significant figures.

Question 13

A student mixes two clear liquids and observes the formation of a white solid. Which type of change has occurred?

Accepted Answer

Chemical change

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct formula for density?

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{m}{V}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the periodic table's organization?

Accepted Answer

Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number.

Question 16

A patient receives a dose of medication measured in moles. Why is the mole an appropriate unit for this measurement?

Accepted Answer

The mole measures the number of particles (atoms or molecules) in the medication.

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world example of an ionic compound?

Accepted Answer

Table salt ($$	ext{NaCl})$$

Question 18

A scientist measures the length of a sample as 0.0250 meters. How many significant figures are in this measurement?

Accepted Answer

Three

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship between mass and volume for a given density?

Accepted Answer

As mass increases and volume remains constant, density increases.

Question 20

A student is asked to identify a substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means. Which of the following should they choose?

Accepted Answer

Element

Matter and Measurements: Foundations of General Chemistry

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