Ch. 2 - Functions and Graphs

Blitzer8th EditionCollege AlgebraISBN: 9780136970514Not the one you use?Change textbook

Blitzer 8th Edition

Ch. 2 - Functions and Graphs

Problem 66

Chapter 3, Problem 66

Begin by graphing the standard quadratic function, f(x) = x². Then use transformations of this graph to graph the given function. h(x) = -2(x+2)²+1

Verified step by step guidance

Start by recalling the graph of the standard quadratic function \(f(x) = x^{2}\), which is a parabola opening upwards with its vertex at the origin \((0,0)\).

Identify the transformations applied to \(f(x)\) to get \(h(x) = -2(x+2)^{2} + 1\). Notice the expression inside the squared term is \((x + 2)\), which indicates a horizontal shift.

Apply the horizontal shift by moving the graph of \(f(x)\) left by 2 units, changing the vertex from \((0,0)\) to \((-2,0)\).

Next, observe the coefficient \(-2\) outside the squared term. The negative sign reflects the parabola across the x-axis (it opens downward), and the factor 2 vertically stretches the graph by a factor of 2.

Finally, apply the vertical shift by adding 1, moving the vertex up by 1 unit. The new vertex is at \((-2,1)\). Combine all transformations to sketch the graph of \(h(x)\).

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Standard Quadratic Function

The standard quadratic function is f(x) = x², which graphs as a parabola opening upwards with its vertex at the origin (0,0). Understanding this basic shape is essential because transformations are applied relative to this parent graph.

Transformations of Functions

Transformations include shifts, reflections, stretches, and compressions applied to the parent function. For h(x) = -2(x+2)² + 1, the graph shifts left by 2 units, reflects over the x-axis, vertically stretches by a factor of 2, and shifts up by 1 unit.

Vertex Form of a Quadratic Function

The vertex form is h(x) = a(x-h)² + k, where (h,k) is the vertex. This form makes it easier to identify transformations and graph the function by locating the vertex and understanding how 'a' affects the parabola's shape and direction.

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Vertex Form

Related Practice

Textbook Question

In Exercises 64–66, begin by graphing the square root function, f(x) = √x. Then use transformations of this graph to graph the given function. r(x) = 2√(x + 2)

Textbook Question

In Exercises 59-66, a. Rewrite the given equation in slope-intercept form. b. Give the slope and y-intercept. c. Use the slope and y-intercept to graph the linear function. 4y+ 28 = 0

Textbook Question

Find a. (fog) (x) b. (go f) (x) c. (fog) (2) d. (go f) (2).

f(x) = 1/x, g(x)= 1/x

Textbook Question

A line segment through the center of each circle intersects the circle at the points shown. a. Find the coordinates of the circle's center. b. Find the radius of the circle. c. Use your answers from parts (a) and (b) to write the standard form of the circle's equation.

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Textbook Question

In Exercises 65–70, use the graph of f to find each indicated function value. f(4)

Textbook Question

In Exercises 67-74, find a. (fog) (x) b. the domain of f o g. f(x) = 2/(x+3), g(x) = 1/x

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