Textbook Question
What are four general functions of the plasma membrane?
Ch. 3 The Cellular Level of Organization
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew12th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy and PhysiologyISBN: 9780137854011
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology25
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Level of Organization34
- Ch. 3 The Cellular Level of Organization29
- Ch. 4 The Tissue Level of Organization24
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System17
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Structure33
- Ch. 7 The Axial Skeleton11
- Ch. 8 The Appendicular Skeleton17
- Ch. 9 Joints13
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue12
- Ch. 11 The Muscular System28
- Ch. 12 Nervous Tissue18
- Ch. 13 The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes22
- Ch. 14 The Brain and Cranial Nerves20
- Ch. 15 Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System17
- Ch. 16 The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions30
- Ch. 17 The Special Senses15
- Ch. 18 The Endocrine System21
- Ch. 19 Blood31
- Ch. 20 The Heart31
- Ch. 21 Blood Vessels and Circulation26
- Ch. 22 The Lymphatic System and Immunity25
- Ch. 23 The Respiratory System4
- Ch. 24 The Digestive System18
- Ch. 26 The Urinary System31
- Ch. 27 Fluids & Electrolytes30
- Ch. 28 The Reproductive System12
- Ch. 29 Development and Inheritance17
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew12th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy and PhysiologyISBN: 9780137854011Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Martini, Nath, Bartholomew 12th EditionCh. 3 The Cellular Level of OrganizationProblem 8
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew 12th EditionCh. 3 The Cellular Level of OrganizationProblem 8Chapter 3, Problem 8
Our somatic cell nuclei contain___pairs of chromosomes.
(a) 8
(b) 16
(c) 23
(d) 46
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Understand that somatic cells are all the body cells except the gametes (sperm and egg cells).
Recall that chromosomes come in pairs in somatic cells because one chromosome of each pair is inherited from each parent.
Identify the total number of chromosomes in human somatic cells, which is 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs.
Recognize that the question asks for the number of pairs, not the total number of individual chromosomes.
Conclude that the correct number of chromosome pairs in human somatic cell nuclei is 23 pairs.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Somatic Cells
Somatic cells are all the body cells except the reproductive cells (gametes). They contain a full set of chromosomes, which carry genetic information necessary for the organism's growth and function.
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Somatic vs. Autonomic Nervous System
Chromosome Pairs
Chromosomes in somatic cells exist in pairs called homologous pairs, where one chromosome of each pair is inherited from each parent. Humans typically have 23 pairs of chromosomes in their somatic cells.
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Human Chromosome Number
Humans have a diploid chromosome number of 46 in somatic cells, arranged as 23 pairs. This number includes 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes, determining biological sex.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
The movement of water across a membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration is known as
(a) Osmosis
(b) Active transport
(c) Diffusion
(d) Facilitated transport
(e) Filtration
Textbook Question
The synthesis of a functional polypeptide using the information in an mRNA strand is
(a) Translation
(b) Transcription
(c) Replication
(d) Gene activation
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Textbook Question
At resting membrane potential, the cytoplasmic side of the membrane surface of the cell is___, and the cell extracellular membrane surface is___.
(a) slightly negative; slightly positive
(b) slightly positive; slightly negative
(c) slightly positive; neutral
(d) slightly negative; neutral
Textbook Question
The organelle responsible for a variety of functions centering on the synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates is
(a) The Golgi apparatus
(b) The rough endoplasmic reticulum
(c) The smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(d) Mitochondria
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Textbook Question
The interphase of the cell life cycle is divided into
(a) Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
(b) G0, G1, S, and G2
(c) Mitosis and cytokinesis
(d) All of these
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