Textbook Question
How does the formation of an antigen–antibody complex cause the elimination of an antigen?
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Ch. 22 The Lymphatic System and Immunity
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew12th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy and PhysiologyISBN: 9780137854011
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology25
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Level of Organization34
- Ch. 3 The Cellular Level of Organization29
- Ch. 4 The Tissue Level of Organization24
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System17
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Structure33
- Ch. 7 The Axial Skeleton11
- Ch. 8 The Appendicular Skeleton17
- Ch. 9 Joints13
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue12
- Ch. 11 The Muscular System28
- Ch. 12 Nervous Tissue18
- Ch. 13 The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes22
- Ch. 14 The Brain and Cranial Nerves20
- Ch. 15 Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System17
- Ch. 16 The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions30
- Ch. 17 The Special Senses15
- Ch. 18 The Endocrine System21
- Ch. 19 Blood31
- Ch. 20 The Heart31
- Ch. 21 Blood Vessels and Circulation26
- Ch. 22 The Lymphatic System and Immunity25
- Ch. 23 The Respiratory System4
- Ch. 24 The Digestive System18
- Ch. 26 The Urinary System31
- Ch. 27 Fluids & Electrolytes30
- Ch. 28 The Reproductive System12
- Ch. 29 Development and Inheritance17
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew12th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy and PhysiologyISBN: 9780137854011Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Martini, Nath, Bartholomew 12th EditionCh. 22 The Lymphatic System and ImmunityProblem 17
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew 12th EditionCh. 22 The Lymphatic System and ImmunityProblem 17Chapter 22, Problem 17
Blocking the antigen receptors on the surface of lymphocytes would interfere with
(a) Phagocytosis of the antigen
(b) That lymphocyte's ability to produce antibodies
(c) Antigen recognition
(d) The ability of the lymphocyte to present antigen
(e) Opsonization of the antigen
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of antigen receptors on lymphocytes. These receptors are specialized proteins on the surface of lymphocytes that specifically recognize and bind to antigens.
Step 2: Analyze each option in relation to the function of antigen receptors. For example, phagocytosis (option a) is primarily performed by phagocytes like macrophages and neutrophils, not lymphocytes, so blocking antigen receptors on lymphocytes would not directly affect phagocytosis.
Step 3: Consider antibody production (option b). While lymphocytes (specifically B cells) produce antibodies, the initial step requires recognition of the antigen through the antigen receptor. Blocking the receptor would prevent recognition and thus interfere with antibody production.
Step 4: Evaluate antigen recognition (option c). Since antigen receptors are responsible for recognizing antigens, blocking these receptors would directly interfere with the lymphocyte's ability to recognize antigens.
Step 5: Review antigen presentation (option d) and opsonization (option e). Antigen presentation is typically done by antigen-presenting cells, and opsonization is a process where antibodies or complement coat antigens to enhance phagocytosis. Blocking antigen receptors on lymphocytes would not directly affect these processes.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Antigen Receptors on Lymphocytes
Antigen receptors are specialized proteins on lymphocytes that specifically bind to antigens. This binding is crucial for recognizing foreign molecules and initiating an immune response. Blocking these receptors prevents the lymphocyte from detecting antigens, impairing its function.
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3:59
Antigens
Antigen Recognition
Antigen recognition is the process by which lymphocytes identify and bind to specific antigens via their receptors. This step is essential for activating lymphocytes to respond appropriately, such as producing antibodies or initiating cell-mediated immunity.
Recommended video:
4:24Pattern Recognition Receptors
Lymphocyte Functions: Antibody Production vs. Antigen Presentation
Lymphocytes have distinct roles: B cells produce antibodies after recognizing antigens, while some lymphocytes can present antigens to other immune cells. Blocking antigen receptors mainly affects antigen recognition and subsequent antibody production, but not antigen presentation or phagocytosis directly.
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4:11Free Antigens vs. Presented Antigens on APCs
Related Practice
Textbook Question
How does a cytotoxic T cell destroy another cell displaying antigens bound to class I MHC proteins?
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Textbook Question
Compared with innate defenses, adaptive defenses
(a) Do not distinguish between one threat and another
(b) Are always present at birth
(c) Protect against threats on an individual basis
(d) Deny the entry of pathogens to the body
Textbook Question
What seven defenses, present at birth, provide the body with the defensive capability known as innate (nonspecific) immunity?
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Textbook Question
Compare and contrast the effects of complement with those of interferon.
Textbook Question
What are the three classes of lymphocytes, and where does each class originate?
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