Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
c. Respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis consists of hypoventilation.
2
views
Ch. 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis
Amerman2nd EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136873822
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemistry of Life38
- Ch. 3 The Cell55
- Ch. 4 Histology47
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System30
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Tissue36
- Ch. 7 The Skeletal System40
- Ch. 8 Articulations19
- Ch. 9 The Muscular System36
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology29
- Ch. 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue28
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System42
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System41
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System and Homeostasis31
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses39
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System42
- Ch. 17 The Cardiovascular System I: The Heart30
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System II: The Blood Vessels43
- Ch. 19 Blood32
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity45
- Ch. 21 The Respiratory System27
- Ch. 22 The Digestive System27
- Ch. 23 Metabolism and Nutrition7
- Ch. 24 The Urinary System39
- Ch. 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis39
- Ch. 26 The Reproductive System10
- Ch. 27 Development and Heredity5
Chapter 25, Problem 15
Which of the following mechanisms is/are used by the kidneys to regulate the pH of the blood? Circle all that apply.
a. Hydrogen ions are secreted from the proximal and distal tubules and the collecting system.
b. Hydrogen ions are reabsorbed from the nephron loop.
c. New bicarbonate ions are formed from glutamine and carbon dioxide in the interstitial fluid that enters proximal tubule cells.
d. Bicarbonate ions can be secreted.
e. Bicarbonate ions are reabsorbed directly from the filtrate.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of the kidneys in pH regulation. The kidneys help maintain acid-base balance by regulating the concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) and bicarbonate ions (HCO₃⁻) in the blood. This is achieved through processes such as secretion, reabsorption, and the generation of new bicarbonate ions.
Step 2: Analyze option (a). Hydrogen ions (H⁺) are secreted into the filtrate by the proximal and distal tubules, as well as the collecting system. This secretion helps remove excess H⁺ from the blood, thereby reducing acidity. This mechanism is a key part of pH regulation.
Step 3: Analyze option (b). Hydrogen ions (H⁺) are not reabsorbed from the nephron loop. Instead, they are typically secreted into the filtrate to be excreted in urine. This option does not align with the kidney's role in pH regulation.
Step 4: Analyze option (c). New bicarbonate ions (HCO₃⁻) can be formed in the proximal tubule cells from glutamine and carbon dioxide (CO₂). This process helps replenish bicarbonate levels in the blood, which is crucial for buffering excess hydrogen ions and maintaining pH balance.
Step 5: Analyze options (d) and (e). Bicarbonate ions (HCO₃⁻) are not typically secreted by the kidneys (option d is incorrect). Instead, they are reabsorbed from the filtrate, primarily in the proximal tubule, to maintain blood pH (option e is correct). This reabsorption prevents the loss of bicarbonate, which is essential for buffering acids in the blood.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Was this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Kidney Function in pH Regulation
The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the acid-base balance of the blood by regulating the excretion and reabsorption of hydrogen ions (H+) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-). This process helps to neutralize excess acids or bases, ensuring that blood pH remains within a narrow range, typically around 7.35 to 7.45.
Recommended video:
07:58
pH Scale
Hydrogen Ion Secretion and Reabsorption
Hydrogen ions are secreted into the renal tubules from the blood, primarily in the proximal and distal tubules, as well as the collecting ducts. This secretion helps to lower blood acidity. Conversely, the kidneys can also reabsorb hydrogen ions from the nephron loop, which contributes to the regulation of blood pH by controlling the amount of acid excreted.
Recommended video:
05:03Hydrogen Bonding
Bicarbonate Ion Dynamics
Bicarbonate ions are essential for buffering blood pH. The kidneys can generate new bicarbonate ions from metabolic processes, such as the conversion of glutamine and carbon dioxide in the proximal tubule cells. Additionally, bicarbonate can be reabsorbed from the filtrate back into the bloodstream, which further aids in maintaining the acid-base balance.
Recommended video:
01:55Ions - Sodium and Potassium Example 3
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Explain what happens to the pH of a buffered solution when hydrogen ions are added. Why does this happen?
2
views
Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
b. Renal compensation for acid-base disturbances begins within minutes, whereas respiratory compensation begins within several hours.
3
views
Textbook Question
An increase in ventilation ________ the pH of the blood due to a/an ________ of carbon dioxide in the blood. A decrease in ventilation ________ the pH of the blood due to a/an ________ of carbon dioxide in the blood.
2
views
Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
a. Respiratory acidosis is caused by hypoventilation.
4
views
Textbook Question
What is the main buffer system of the ECF?
a. Protein buffer system
b. Carbonic acid–bicarbonate ion buffer system
c. Phosphate buffer system
d. None of the above
5
views