25. The Urinary System

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of tubular reabsorption?

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. The distal tubule reabsorbs sodium ions and secretes potassium and hydrogen ions in response to ADH.

Which of the following solutes are primarily reabsorbed by primary active transport?

Dr. Miller is a pediatric nutritionist working with a patient who has a low dietary calcium intake. Concerned about the possibility of hypocalcemia, she orders bloodwork. What hormone would you expect to be elevated in this patient’s bloodwork?

Trace the pathway a uric acid molecule takes from a glomerulus to the urethra. Name every gross or microscopic structure it passes through on its journey.

The process of urine formation involves all of the following, except 

(a) Filtration of plasma

(b) Reabsorption of water

(c) Reabsorption of certain solutes

(d) Secretion of wastes

(e) Secretion of excess lipoprotein and glucose molecules

In the proximal tubule, _________ ions are pumped out of the tubule via ____________ transport. This creates an ____________ gradient, causing water to be reabsorbed through _______________.

Two physiology students are having a disagreement about renal function. Dan says that the kidneys work harder when you eat a high-salt diet, whereas Peter says that they work harder when you drink lots of water. Who is right, and why?

Glucose is not normally found in the urine because it

a. Does not pass through the walls of the glomerulus

b. Is kept in the blood by colloid osmotic pressure

c. Is reabsorbed by the tubule cells

d. Is removed by the body cells before the blood reaches the kidney