2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Which of the following best describes tonicity in the context of osmosis?

What is the osmolarity of the filtrate at the end of the proximal tubule?

The concentration of solutes in a red blood cell is about 2%, but red blood cells contain almost no sucrose or urea. Sucrose cannot pass through the membrane, but water and urea can. Osmosis would cause red blood cells to shrink the most when immersed in which of the following solutions?

Examine the experimental chamber in Figure 6.8a. Explain what would occur by osmosis if you added a 1-M solution of sodium chloride on the left side and an equal volume of a 1.5 M solution of potassium ions on the right. How might the addition of the CFTR protein to the lipid bilayer impact the direction of water movement?

Crenation can result from a change in which of the following conditions?

The internal solute concentration of a plant cell is about 0.8 M. To demonstrate plasmolysis, it would be necessary to suspend the cell in what solution?

A cell that is placed in salty seawater will .a. take sodium and chloride ions in by diffusion;b. move water out of the cell by active transport;c. use facilitated diffusion to break apart the sodium and chloride ions;d. lose water to the outside of the cell via osmosis

A single plant cell is placed in an isotonic solution. Salt is then added to the solution. Which of the following would occur as a result of the salt addition?

In the context of osmosis, what effect does placing red blood cells in distilled water have on the cells?

If a solution surrounding a cell is hypertonic relative to the inside of the cell, how will water move?a. It will move into the cell via osmosis.b. It will move out of the cell via osmosis.c. It will not move, because equilibrium exists.d. It will evaporate from the cell surface more rapidly.

What two conditions must be present for osmosis to occur?Integral membrane proteins are anchored in lipid bilayers.

In an experiment, you create two groups of liposomes in a solution containing 0.1 M NaCl—one made from red blood cell membranes and the other from frog egg cell membranes. When the liposomes are placed in water, those with red blood cell membranes burst more rapidly than those made from egg membranes. What could explain these results? Select True or False for each of the following statements.a. T/F The red blood cell liposomes are more hypertonic relative to water than the frog egg liposomes.b. T/F The red blood cell liposomes are more hypotonic relative to water than the frog egg liposomes.c. T/F The red blood cell liposomes contain more aquaporins than the frog egg liposomes.d. T/F The frog egg liposomes contain ion channels, which are not present in the red blood cell liposomes.

A cell is placed in a solution that is hypotonic to the cell. Which of the following best describes movement of water in this situation?a. Water will only flow into the cell.b. Water will only flow out of the cell.c. Water will flow into and out of the cell, but the overall net movement will be out of the cell.d. Water will flow into and out of the cell, but the overall net movement will be into the cell.