Q: Who is known as the 'Father of Statistics' and what is one of his major contributions?

Sir Ronald Fisher; development of ANOVA ($$\text{Analysis of Variance})$$

Q: Which statistical concept, developed by Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, is widely used in multivariate analysis to measure the distance between a point and a distribution?

Mahalanobis distance: $$D^2 = (x$$ - ar{x})' $$S^{-1} (x$$ - ar{x})$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main stages in the study of statistics according to its definition?

Accepted Answer

Collection, Classification/Organization, Analysis, Presentation/Interpretation

Question 2

The word 'statistics' is derived from which two words and what do they mean?

Accepted Answer

'Status' (Latin) meaning 'Political State' and 'Statista' (Italian) meaning 'Statesman'

Question 3

Who are considered the founders of statistics?

Accepted Answer

John Graunt and William Petty

Question 4

Who is known as the 'Father of Statistics' and what is one of his major contributions?

Accepted Answer

Sir Ronald Fisher; development of ANOVA ($$	ext{Analysis of Variance})$$

Question 5

Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis is best known for which of the following contributions to statistics?

Accepted Answer

Mahalanobis distance and founding the Indian Statistical Institute

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a correct step in the statistical process as defined in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Distribution of Data

Question 7

Suppose a researcher is organizing data from a medical study. According to the definition of statistics, which step should follow 'Classification/Organization'?

Accepted Answer

Analysis

Question 8

Which statistical concept, developed by Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, is widely used in multivariate analysis to measure the distance between a point and a distribution?

Accepted Answer

Mahalanobis distance: $$D^2 = (x$$ - ar{x})' $$S^{-1} (x$$ - ar{x})$$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains the role of statistics in policy formulation, as referenced in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Statistics provides data-driven insights for policy decisions, such as in the Second Five-Year Plan (2nd FYP) in India.

Question 10

Which of the following is a real-world example of the application of 'Analysis' in the statistical process?

Accepted Answer

Determining the average recovery time of patients after a new treatment using collected hospital data.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about Sir Ronald Fisher is correct?

Accepted Answer

He is credited with the development of the statistical technique ANOVA ($$	ext{Analysis of Variance}).$$

Question 12

If a government wants to understand the political status of its population, which historical origin of the word 'statistics' is most relevant?

Accepted Answer

The Latin word 'Status', meaning 'Political State'

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct sequence of steps in the statistical process when analyzing the results of a national census?

Accepted Answer

Collection → Classification/Organization → Analysis → Presentation/Interpretation

Question 14

Which of the following individuals is associated with the development of graphical statistical techniques?

Accepted Answer

Karl Pearson

Question 15

A pharmaceutical company wants to compare the effectiveness of three different drugs. Which statistical method, developed by Sir Ronald Fisher, should they use?

Accepted Answer

ANOVA ($$	ext{Analysis of Variance})$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the contribution of the Indian Statistical Institute?

Accepted Answer

It was founded by Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis and played a key role in the development of statistical policy in India.

Question 17

Which of the following is a plausible misconception about the definition of statistics?

Accepted Answer

Statistics is only about the collection of data and does not involve analysis or interpretation.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a contribution of Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis?

Accepted Answer

Development of ANOVA ($$	ext{Analysis of Variance})$$

Question 19

Which of the following best illustrates the use of 'Presentation/Interpretation' in the statistical process?

Accepted Answer

Publishing a report that explains the findings of a study on unemployment rates.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true regarding the historical development of statistics?

Accepted Answer

Statistics originated from the need to understand political states and populations.

Introduction to Statistics: Origins, Definitions, and Key Figures

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards