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Goodness of Fit Test - Excel quiz

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  • What is the null hypothesis in a goodness-of-fit test for candy flavors?
    The null hypothesis is that the observed frequencies match the claimed distribution, meaning the flavors are evenly distributed.
  • How do you calculate the expected frequency for each category in Excel?
    Multiply the total sample size n by the category proportion p for each category.
  • What Excel function is used to find the p-value in a goodness-of-fit test?
    The CHISQ.TEST function is used to calculate the p-value.
  • What are the two inputs required for the CHISQ.TEST function in Excel?
    The actual range (observed frequencies) and the expected range (expected frequencies) are required.
  • How do you determine the category proportion for an even distribution in Excel?
    Divide 1 by the number of categories (k) to get the proportion for each category.
  • What does it mean if the p-value is less than the significance level alpha?
    If the p-value is less than alpha, you reject the null hypothesis.
  • How can you quickly find the total sample size n in Excel if it’s not given?
    Use the SUM function to add up the observed frequencies.
  • What is the alternative hypothesis in a goodness-of-fit test for candy flavors?
    The alternative hypothesis is that the observed frequencies do not match the claimed distribution, meaning flavors are not evenly distributed.
  • What is the significance level (alpha) used in the example provided?
    The significance level used is 0.05.
  • How do you copy formulas across multiple cells in Excel for category proportions?
    Use control c, control v to copy, or click and drag the solid black cross in the bottom right corner of the cell.
  • What is the formula for expected value in a goodness-of-fit test?
    Expected value = n (total sample size) × p (category proportion).
  • What should you do after calculating the p-value in a goodness-of-fit test?
    Compare the p-value to the significance level alpha to decide whether to reject the null hypothesis.
  • What result did the example yield for the p-value in the Excel goodness-of-fit test?
    The p-value was about 0.00008.
  • What conclusion is drawn if the p-value is much smaller than alpha in the test?
    There is enough evidence to conclude that the alternative hypothesis is true, so flavors are not evenly distributed.
  • Why is Excel helpful for performing goodness-of-fit tests?
    Excel automates calculations for expected values and provides functions to quickly obtain the p-value, making the process efficient.