Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the main goals of psychology as a field?

Accepted Answer

To provide strictly moral guidance for people's actions.

Question 2

According to philosophical materialism, which statement is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Human behavior is entirely a result of physical processes in the brain.

Question 3

Which philosopher argued that humans are born tabula rasa, or 'blank slates,' with no innate knowledge?

Accepted Answer

John Locke

Question 4

Which of the following research questions would a structuralist ask?

Accepted Answer

What is the mind’s structure when a person hears a song?

Question 5

Which of the following research questions would a functionalist ask?

Accepted Answer

What is the mind’s function when a person feels relief?

Question 6

Which of the following statements best describes psychoanalytic theory?

Accepted Answer

It is an approach to psychology that posits that unconscious mental processes shape thoughts and behaviors.

Question 7

Gestalt psychology emphasizes the processing of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The whole rather than individual components.

Question 8

Who is considered the founder of Gestalt psychology?

Accepted Answer

Max Wertheimer

Question 9

Behaviorism is an approach to psychology that focuses on:

Accepted Answer

Observable behavior and the relationship between stimulus and response.

Question 10

Which psychologist is credited with establishing behaviorism as a formal field in psychology?

Accepted Answer

John B. Watson

Question 11

Which of the following statements best describes developmental psychology?

Accepted Answer

A field of psychology that focuses on how psychological phenomena change over the lifespan and examines when, why, and how these changes take place.

Question 12

Which of the following prominent psychologists is NOT considered a founder of developmental psychology?

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers

Question 13

Which of the following topics is NOT commonly studied in social psychology?

Accepted Answer

Sensation and perception.

Question 14

Which of the following statements best describes humanism?

Accepted Answer

A field that focuses on humanity and free will, and the potential for personal growth.

Question 15

Which pair of psychologists are considered the founders of humanism?

Accepted Answer

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers

Question 16

Cognitive psychology focuses on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Mental processes such as information processing, memory, perception, language, and problem solving.

Question 17

Which of the following research questions would a cognitive psychologist ask?

Accepted Answer

How does prosocial behavior change from childhood to adolescence?

Question 18

Evolutionary psychology examines how human behavior and mental processes have been shaped by:

Accepted Answer

Natural selection.

Question 19

Which of the following research questions would you expect a neuroscientist to ask?

Accepted Answer

How do neural circuits in the brain allow animals to engage in motivated behavior?

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the main research question of cultural psychology?

Accepted Answer

How does culture influence behavior and psychological processes?

Introduction to Psychology: Major Perspectives and Historical Foundations

Study Guide - Practice Questions