Latisha's new puppy cries each night when left in her crate. When Latisha picks up the puppy and holds her to her chest, the puppy stops crying and falls asleep. However, after she puts the puppy back in the crate, the crying begins again. After a few nights, Latisha suddenly realizes that her heartbeat is helping the dog fall asleep. She places a ticking clock next to the crate, and the puppy goes right to sleep at night. Latisha's realization is an example of

Trial and error is also known as

The _____ involves estimating the likelihood of an event based on how easy it is to recall relevant information from memory.

_____ can help us interpret or deal with new information or events that we have never encountered.

Examples of algorithms are

When solving a problem, Celeste is hesitant or unable to think beyond solutions that have worked in the past. Celeste is stuck in

Even after her girlfriends reported seeing her boyfriend Jeff out at clubs with other women, Jackie continues to believe her boyfriend and her friends who say the women are just old neighborhood friends. This is an example of

An important factor in the formation of prototypes is

Making a list of all the ways one could use a butter knife requires