Textbook Question
A glass rod that has been charged to +12 nC touches a metal sphere. Afterward, the rod’s charge is +8.0 nC. How many charged particles were transferred?
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Ch 22: Electric Charges and Forces
Knight Calc5th EditionPhysics for Scientists and EngineersISBN: 9780137344796
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Table of contents
- Ch 01: Concepts of Motion35
- Ch 02: Kinematics in One Dimension75
- Ch 03: Vectors and Coordinate Systems58
- Ch 04: Kinematics in Two Dimensions60
- Ch 05: Force and Motion23
- Ch 06: Dynamics I: Motion Along a Line53
- Ch 07: Newton's Third Law27
- Ch 08: Dynamics II: Motion in a Plane52
- Ch 09: Work and Kinetic Energy56
- Ch 10: Interactions and Potential Energy50
- Ch 11: Impulse and Momentum56
- Ch 12: Rotation of a Rigid Body71
- Ch 13: Newton's Theory of Gravity52
- Ch 14: Fluids and Elasticity44
- Ch 15: Oscillations55
- Ch 16: Traveling Waves37
- Ch 17: Superposition39
- Ch 18: A Macroscopic Description of Matter53
- Ch 19: Work, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics60
- Ch 20: The Micro/Macro Connection53
- Ch 21: Heat Engines and Refrigerators34
- Ch 22: Electric Charges and Forces40
- Ch 23: The Electric Field39
- Ch 24: Gauss' Law32
- Ch 25: The Electric Potential63
- Ch 26: Potential and Field57
- Ch 27: Current and Resistance42
- Ch 28: Fundamentals of Circuits39
- Ch 29: The Magnetic Field47
- Ch 30: Electromagnetic Induction60
- Ch 31: Electromagnetic Fields and Waves32
- Ch 32: AC Circuits63
- Ch 33: Wave Optics32
- Ch 34: Ray Optics57
- Ch 35: Optical Instruments30
- Ch 36: Special Relativity38
- Ch 37: The Foundations of Modern Physics25
- Ch 38: Quantization49
- Ch 39: Wave Functions and Uncertainty31
- Ch 40: One-Dimensional Quantum Mechanics35
- Ch 41: Atomic Physics18
- Ch 42: Nuclear Physics27
Knight Calc5th EditionPhysics for Scientists and EngineersISBN: 9780137344796Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 22, Problem 5
What is the total charge of all the electrons in L of liquid water?
Verified step by step guidance1
Determine the number of water molecules in 1.0 L of liquid water. Start by calculating the mass of 1.0 L of water, assuming the density of water is approximately 1.0 g/mL. Since 1.0 L = 1000 mL, the mass of water is 1000 g.
Calculate the number of moles of water molecules using the molar mass of water (H₂O), which is approximately 18.015 g/mol. Use the formula: \( \text{moles of water} = \frac{\text{mass of water}}{\text{molar mass of water}} \).
Find the total number of water molecules by multiplying the moles of water by Avogadro's number (\( 6.022 \times 10^{23} \) molecules/mol).
Each water molecule contains 10 electrons (2 from hydrogen atoms and 8 from the oxygen atom). Multiply the total number of water molecules by 10 to find the total number of electrons.
Calculate the total charge of all the electrons using the charge of a single electron, which is \( -1.602 \times 10^{-19} \) C. Multiply the total number of electrons by this charge to find the total charge.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Charge of an Electron
An electron carries a fundamental charge of approximately -1.6 x 10^-19 coulombs. This negative charge is a basic property of electrons, which are subatomic particles found in atoms. Understanding the charge of an electron is essential for calculating the total charge in a given quantity of matter.
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04:32
Electrons In Water (Using Density)
Molarity and Volume
Molarity is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. In the context of water, knowing the volume (1.0 L) allows us to determine the number of moles of water present, which is crucial for calculating the total number of electrons in that volume.
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05:21Volume Thermal Expansion
Water's Molecular Structure
Water (H2O) consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, resulting in a total of 10 electrons per molecule (2 from hydrogen and 8 from oxygen). Understanding the molecular structure of water is vital for determining how many molecules are in a liter of water and subsequently calculating the total number of electrons.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Figure 22.8 showed how an electroscope becomes negatively charged. The leaves will also repel each other if you touch the electroscope with a positively charged glass rod. Use a series of charge diagrams to explain what happens and why the leaves repel each other.
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Textbook Question
A linear accelerator uses alternating electric fields to accelerate electrons to close to the speed of light. A small number of the electrons collide with a target, but a large majority pass through the target and impact a beam dump at the end of the accelerator. In one experiment the beam dump measured charge accumulating at a rate of −2.0 nC/s. How many electrons traveled down the accelerator during the 2.0 h run?
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Textbook Question
A plastic rod that has been charged to −15 nC touches a metal sphere. Afterward, the rod's charge is −10 nC. How many charged particles were transferred?
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Textbook Question
A plastic rod that has been charged to −15 nC touches a metal sphere. Afterward, the rod's charge is −10 nC. What kind of charged particle was transferred between the rod and the sphere, and in which direction? That is, did it move from the rod to the sphere or from the sphere to the rod?
Textbook Question
What mass of aluminum has a total nuclear charge of C? Aluminum has atomic number .
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