Textbook Question
Identify the product when each of the following reactions is performed on the triglyceride of linoleic acid (linoleate).
(b) H2 , Ni (partial hydrogenation)
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Ch. 27 - Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471
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Table of contents
- Ch. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the Electrons114
- Ch. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational Analysis109
- Ch. 4 - Acids and Bases: Electron Flow144
- Ch. 5 - Chemical Reaction Analysis: Thermodynamics and Kinetics118
- Ch. 6 - Stereoisomerism: Arrangement of Atoms in Space112
- Ch. 7 - Principles of Green (Organic) Chemistry3
- Ch. 8 - Alkenes I: Properties and Electrophilic Additions158
- Ch. 9 - Alkenes II: Oxidation and Reduction150
- Ch. 10 - Alkynes: Electrophilic Addition and Redox Reactions101
- Ch. 11 - Properties and Synthesis of Alkyl Halides: Radical Reactions108
- Ch. 12 - Substitution and Elimination: Reactions of Haloalkanes172
- Ch. 13 - Alcohols, Ethers and Related Compounds: Substitution and Elimination239
- Ch. 14 - Structural Identification I: Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry54
- Ch. 15 - Structural Identification II: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy93
- Ch. 16 - Metals in Organic Chemistry48
- Ch. 17 - Carbonyl Addition Reactions: Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch. 18 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution I: Carboxylic Acids18
- Ch. 19 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution II: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives39
- Ch. 20 - Enolates: Carbonyl Addition and Substitution13
- Ch. 21 - Conjugated Systems I: Stability and Addition Reactions56
- Ch. 22 - Conjugated Systems II: Pericyclic Reactions54
- Ch. 23 - Benzene I: Aromatic Stability and Substitution Reactions64
- Ch. 24 - Benzene II: Reactions Influenced by the Aromatic Ring62
- Ch. 25 - Amines: Structure, Reactions, and Synthesis27
- Ch. 26 - Amino Acids, Proteins, and Peptide Synthesis9
- Ch. 27 - Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids54
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 26, Problem 62a
Identify the isoprene units in the terpenes shown. In cross-linked or ring-containing terpenes, linkages can be formed between more than just C1 and C4 of isoprene.
(a) 
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Recall the structure of an isoprene unit. Isoprene is a 5-carbon molecule with the formula C₅H₈, consisting of two double bonds. Its structure can be represented as CH₂=C(CH₃)-CH=CH₂.
Step 2: Understand the concept of terpenes. Terpenes are composed of repeating isoprene units, which are joined together in specific patterns. The connection between isoprene units can occur at various positions, not just C₁ and C₄.
Step 3: Examine the structure of the given terpene. Look for repeating patterns of 5-carbon units that resemble the isoprene structure. Pay attention to any cross-linking or ring formations that may alter the typical linear arrangement.
Step 4: Identify the isoprene units within the terpene structure. Break down the molecule into segments of 5-carbon units and determine how they are connected. Highlight any deviations from the standard C₁-C₄ linkage.
Step 5: Verify your identification by ensuring that each segment matches the molecular formula and structural characteristics of an isoprene unit. Consider how the linkages or rings affect the overall structure of the terpene.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Isoprene Structure
Isoprene is a five-carbon diene (C₅H₈) with the structure CH₂=C(CH₃)-CH=CH₂. It serves as the fundamental building block for terpenes, which are organic compounds produced by various plants. Understanding the isoprene structure is crucial for identifying how these units combine to form larger, more complex molecules in terpenes.
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Terpene Classification
Terpenes are classified based on the number of isoprene units they contain. Monoterpenes consist of two isoprene units, sesquiterpenes have three, and so on. This classification helps in understanding the diversity of terpenes and their structural variations, including linear and cyclic forms, which are essential for identifying specific terpenes in the question.
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Cross-Linking in Terpenes
Cross-linking in terpenes refers to the formation of bonds between isoprene units that do not follow the typical C₁ to C₄ linkage. This can lead to the creation of complex structures such as rings or branched chains. Recognizing these alternative linkages is vital for accurately identifying the isoprene units in more intricate terpenes, especially in cyclic or cross-linked forms.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Identify the isoprene units in the terpenes shown. In cross-linked or ring-containing terpenes, linkages can be formed between more than just C1 and C4 of isoprene.
(b)
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Textbook Question
Draw a mechanism for the acid-catalyzed, nonenzymatic conversion of DPP to IPP. How do you know your mechanism is correct?
1
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Textbook Question
Identify the product when each of the following reactions is performed on the triglyceride of linoleic acid (linoleate).
(a) H2 , Pd
6
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Textbook Question
Identify the isoprene units in the terpenes shown. In cross-linked or ring-containing terpenes, linkages can be formed between more than just C1 and C4 of isoprene.
(e)
2
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Textbook Question
Identify the isoprene units in the terpenes shown. In cross-linked or ring-containing terpenes, linkages can be formed between more than just C1 and C4 of isoprene.
(c)
2
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