Textbook Question
Choose the larger atom in each pair.
(d) N or S
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Ch. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the Electrons
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471
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Table of contents
- Ch. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the Electrons114
- Ch. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational Analysis109
- Ch. 4 - Acids and Bases: Electron Flow144
- Ch. 5 - Chemical Reaction Analysis: Thermodynamics and Kinetics118
- Ch. 6 - Stereoisomerism: Arrangement of Atoms in Space112
- Ch. 7 - Principles of Green (Organic) Chemistry3
- Ch. 8 - Alkenes I: Properties and Electrophilic Additions158
- Ch. 9 - Alkenes II: Oxidation and Reduction150
- Ch. 10 - Alkynes: Electrophilic Addition and Redox Reactions101
- Ch. 11 - Properties and Synthesis of Alkyl Halides: Radical Reactions108
- Ch. 12 - Substitution and Elimination: Reactions of Haloalkanes172
- Ch. 13 - Alcohols, Ethers and Related Compounds: Substitution and Elimination239
- Ch. 14 - Structural Identification I: Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry54
- Ch. 15 - Structural Identification II: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy93
- Ch. 16 - Metals in Organic Chemistry48
- Ch. 17 - Carbonyl Addition Reactions: Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch. 18 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution I: Carboxylic Acids18
- Ch. 19 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution II: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives39
- Ch. 20 - Enolates: Carbonyl Addition and Substitution13
- Ch. 21 - Conjugated Systems I: Stability and Addition Reactions56
- Ch. 22 - Conjugated Systems II: Pericyclic Reactions54
- Ch. 23 - Benzene I: Aromatic Stability and Substitution Reactions64
- Ch. 24 - Benzene II: Reactions Influenced by the Aromatic Ring62
- Ch. 25 - Amines: Structure, Reactions, and Synthesis27
- Ch. 26 - Amino Acids, Proteins, and Peptide Synthesis9
- Ch. 27 - Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids54
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Mullins 1st EditionCh. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the ElectronsProblem 13b
Mullins 1st EditionCh. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the ElectronsProblem 13bChapter 1, Problem 13b
Choose the larger atom in each pair.
(b) O or F
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the periodic trend for atomic size. Atomic size generally decreases across a period (left to right) in the periodic table due to increasing nuclear charge, which pulls the electrons closer to the nucleus.
Step 2: Locate the elements oxygen (O) and fluorine (F) on the periodic table. Both elements are in the same period (Period 2). Oxygen is in Group 16, while fluorine is in Group 17.
Step 3: Compare the nuclear charge of the two elements. Fluorine has a higher nuclear charge than oxygen because it has more protons in its nucleus. This stronger nuclear attraction pulls the electrons closer to the nucleus, making fluorine smaller in size.
Step 4: Conclude that oxygen, having a lower nuclear charge and less effective pull on its electrons, is the larger atom compared to fluorine.
Step 5: To summarize, the larger atom between oxygen (O) and fluorine (F) is oxygen (O).
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Atomic Size
Atomic size refers to the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost shell of electrons. Generally, atomic size increases down a group in the periodic table due to the addition of electron shells, while it decreases across a period from left to right due to increased nuclear charge attracting electrons more strongly.
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01:44
The difference between atomic numbers and atomic mass.
Periodic Trends
Periodic trends are patterns observed in the periodic table that describe how certain properties of elements change across periods and groups. For example, atomic radius decreases across a period and increases down a group, which is essential for comparing the sizes of atoms like oxygen (O) and fluorine (F).
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03:43The radical stability trend.
Electronegativity
Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons in a chemical bond. Fluorine is the most electronegative element, which influences its atomic size and behavior in comparison to oxygen. Understanding electronegativity helps in predicting how atoms interact and bond with each other.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
How many electrons does an atom of each of the following elements need to lose to achieve a noble gas configuration? By losing that many electrons, which noble gas configuration is achieved?
(b) Aluminum
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Textbook Question
A chemistry student drew the following incorrect electron configuration for carbon. (a) Correct the diagram.
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Textbook Question
Would you expect electrons in the 2s or 3s orbital to be more reactive? Why?
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Textbook Question
How many electrons does an atom of each of the following elements need to lose to achieve a noble gas configuration? By losing that many electrons, which noble gas configuration is achieved?
(a) Beryllium
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Textbook Question
A chemistry student drew the following incorrect electron configuration for carbon. (b) Which rule wasn't followed by the student?
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