The only organic compound obtained when compound Z undergoes the following sequence of reactions gives the ¹H NMR spectrum shown. Identify compound Z.
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Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to determine the structure of organic compounds. It provides information about the number of hydrogen atoms in different environments within a molecule, indicated by chemical shifts measured in parts per million (PPM). The splitting patterns and integration of peaks reveal details about the connectivity and relative number of protons, aiding in the identification of the compound.

Chemical shifts in 1H NMR spectra are indicative of the electronic environment surrounding hydrogen atoms in a molecule. Different functional groups and molecular structures cause protons to resonate at different frequencies, resulting in distinct peaks on the spectrum. For example, protons attached to electronegative atoms or in aromatic systems typically appear downfield (higher PPM), while those in aliphatic regions appear upfield (lower PPM).

Integration in 1H NMR refers to the area under each peak, which correlates to the number of protons contributing to that signal. Peak splitting, or multiplicity, occurs due to spin-spin coupling between neighboring protons, providing insights into the number of adjacent hydrogens. Understanding these concepts is crucial for deducing the molecular structure of compound Z based on its NMR spectrum.