Question 1

Which element is the most abundant in living systems if we exclude water, and is the main component of organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon

Question 2

Which of the following molecules is classified as a hydrocarbon?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_4$}$$

Question 3

What property of carbon allows it to form a wide variety of molecular structures, including rings and chains?

Accepted Answer

It has four valence electrons, allowing it to form four covalent bonds.

Question 4

Which functional group is NOT present in the following molecule: $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2COOH}$$?

Accepted Answer

Amino

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT an example of a functional group commonly found in biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{-Cl}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a class of biomolecules essential to living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Minerals

Question 7

What type of reaction forms covalent bonds between monomers to create polymers?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 8

Which chemical formula represents a simple carbohydrate (monosaccharide)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}$$

Question 9

Monosaccharides are linked together via a _______ reaction, forming a _______ bond.

Accepted Answer

dehydration; glycosidic

Question 10

Which polysaccharide is an important component in the structure of lobsters and insects?

Accepted Answer

Chitin

Question 11

The primary building blocks (monomers) of proteins are:

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Question 12

Which term is used for an amino acid chain that has greater than 50 covalently linked amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Question 13

Which of the following statements about protein structure is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Secondary protein structures are caused by hydrogen bonding between atoms of the peptide backbone.

Question 14

What is the role of a chaperone protein?

Accepted Answer

Assist in proper protein folding or re-naturing.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the class of molecules known as nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

A nitrogenous base, phosphate group & a sugar.

Question 16

Which nitrogenous bases are purines?

Accepted Answer

Adenine and guanine

Question 17

Which type of chemical reaction results in energy release when glycosidic bonds are broken?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis reaction

Question 18

Which of the following statements about DNA structure is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The nucleic acid strands in a DNA molecule are oriented antiparallel to each other.

Question 19

Which type of fatty acid only contains carbon-carbon single bonds?

Accepted Answer

Saturated

Question 20

How do phospholipids interact with water molecules?

Accepted Answer

The polar heads attract water; the nonpolar tails avoid water.

Biomolecules: Structure, Function, and Classification

Study Guide - Practice Questions