5. Chirality

(i) Which of the following pairs of compounds would you expect to have different physical properties?

(ii) What is the relationship between each of the pairs?

(iii) Assign the absolute configuration of each stereocenter to confirm your answer.

(a)

Identify the relationship between thefollowing organic compounds:

What is the relationship between these two sugars if they have the same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of atoms in space?

Which of the following best describes the relationship between structural isomers?

Given two compounds that have the same $\mathrm{molecular formula}$ but differ in the connectivity of their atoms, what is the relationship between these compounds?

Are the following pairs identical, enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers?

e.

f.

Identify the relationship between thefollowing organic compounds:

What is the relationship between each pair of molecules shown below? Choose the best description of their relationship.

Given two compounds with the molecular formula $C_4{H}_{10}$, one being n-butane and the other isobutane, what is the relationship between these compounds?

Given two organic molecules with the same molecular formula $C{n}_{}H{m}_{}O{p}_{}$ but different connectivity of atoms, what is the relationship between these two structures?

Make a model and draw a three-dimensional structure for each compound. Then draw the mirror image of your original structure and determine whether the mirror image is the same compound. Label each structure as being chiral or achiral, and label pairs of enantiomers.

(e)

(f)

Given two molecules with the same molecular formula $C{n}_{x}H{n}_{y}O{n}_z$ but different connectivity of atoms, what is the relationship between these molecules?

Given two compounds with the molecular formula $C_4{H}_{10}$, one being n-butane and the other isobutane, what is the relationship between these two compounds?

For the molecules shown,

(i) count the number of stereocenters present and

(ii) draw all possible stereoisomers.

(iii) Identify the relationships between stereoisomers as enantiomers or diastereomers.

(b)

Which of the following best describes the relationship between structural isomers?