3. Acids and Bases

Explain why an amide ion cannot be used to form a carbanion from an alkane in a reaction that favors products.

Which of the following reactions favor formation of the products? Recall that the equilibrium favors formation of the weaker acid.

From which of the following compounds can HO⁻ remove a proton in a reaction that favors product formation?

Complete the following acid–base reactions. In each case, indicate whether the equilibrium favors the reactants or the products, and explain your reasoning.

(e) (CH₃)₃C–O^– + CH₃CH₂OH ⇌

For each of the following pairs of reactions, indicate which one has the more favorable equilibrium constant (that is, which one most favors products):

1.

2.

Given the following K_eq values, how much stronger of a base is acetate (CH₃CO₂^-) than chloride (Cl⁻)?

For each of the acid–base reactions in [Section 2.3], compare the pK_a values of the acids on either side of the equilibrium arrows to prove that the equilibrium lies in the direction indicated.

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Which of the following statements best explains why scientists study $\mathrm{acid}-\mathrm{base}$ equilibrium in organic chemistry?

Given the following K_eq values, how much stronger of an acid is methanol (CH₃OH) than acetylene (HC≡CH)?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effect of enzyme phosphorylation on $\mathrm{acid}-\mathrm{base} \mathrm{equilibrium}$?

Complete the following acid–base reactions. In each case, indicate whether the equilibrium favors the reactants or the products, and explain your reasoning.

(g) KOH + CH₃CH₂OH ⇌

In the context of acid-base equilibrium, which of the following factors can disrupt the $Hardy-Weinberg$ equilibrium?

Which of the following best explains how atoms near an acidic hydrogen atom can change the acid strength of a molecule?

Which of the following conditions is required for maintaining acid-base equilibrium in a solution?

Which of the following conditions is necessary for a solution to be at acid-base equilibrium?