Textbook Question
Identify the diseases based on the symptoms in the following chart.
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Ch. 21 - Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Microbial World and You18
- Ch. 2 - Chemical Principles20
- Ch. 3 - Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope18
- Ch. 4 - Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells21
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism20
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 7 - The Control of Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 8 - Microbial Genetics19
- Ch. 9 - Biotechnology & DNA Technology20
- Ch. 10 - Classification of Microorganisms15
- Ch. 11 - The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea14
- Ch. 12 - The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths17
- Ch. 13 - Viruses, Viroids, and Prions20
- Ch. 14 - Principles of Disease and Epidemiology21
- Ch. 15 - Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity19
- Ch. 16 - Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 17 - Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 18 - Practical Applications of Immunology20
- Ch. 19 - Disorders Associated with the Immune System19
- Ch. 20 - Antimicrobial Drugs19
- Ch. 21 - Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes21
- Ch. 22 - Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System19
- Ch. 23 - Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems20
- Ch. 24 - Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System20
- Ch. 25 - Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System20
- Ch. 26 - Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems19
- Ch. 27 - Environmental Microbiology20
- Ch. 28 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology19
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 21, Problem 5
Before 2005, why was a test for antibodies against rubella required for females under age 50 before issuing a marriage license?
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that rubella is a viral infection that can cause serious birth defects if a woman contracts it during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester.
Recognize that testing for antibodies against rubella determines if a female has immunity, either from previous infection or vaccination.
Know that before 2005, routine screening was required to identify women who were not immune to rubella to prevent congenital rubella syndrome in newborns.
Realize that if a woman tested negative for rubella antibodies, she could be vaccinated before pregnancy to reduce the risk of infection during pregnancy.
Conclude that the antibody test was a public health measure to protect future pregnancies by ensuring women were immune to rubella before marriage and potential conception.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Rubella is a viral infection that is generally mild in children and adults but can cause severe birth defects if a woman contracts it during early pregnancy. Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) results in serious fetal abnormalities, including heart defects, deafness, and developmental delays.
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Prions
Antibody Testing for Immunity
Antibody tests detect the presence of specific antibodies in the blood, indicating past infection or vaccination. Testing for rubella antibodies helps determine if a woman is immune and protected against rubella infection, reducing the risk of CRS in future pregnancies.
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Public Health Measures Before Widespread Vaccination
Before widespread rubella vaccination programs, public health policies required antibody testing to identify susceptible women. This allowed for targeted vaccination or counseling to prevent rubella infection during pregnancy, thereby reducing the incidence of CRS.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
A patient has conjunctivitis. If you isolated Pseudomonas from the patient’s mascara, you would most likely conclude all of the following except that
a. The mascara was the source of the infection.
b. Pseudomonas is causing the infection.
c. Pseudomonas has been growing in the mascara.
d. The mascara was contaminated by the manufacturer.
e. All of the above are valid conclusions.
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Textbook Question
A 12-year old boy had a fever, rash, headache, sore throat, and cough. He also had a macular rash on his trunk, face, and arms. A throat culture was negative for Streptococcus pyogenes.
The boy most likely had
a. Streptococcal sore throat.
b. Measles.
c. Rubella.
d. Smallpox.
e. Hand-foot-mouth disease.
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Textbook Question
You microscopically examine scrapings from a case of Acanthamoeba keratitis. You expect to see
a. Nothing.
b. Viruses.
c. Gram-positive cocci.
d. Eukaryotic cells.
e. Gram-negative cocci.
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Textbook Question
Complete the following table of epidemiology.
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Textbook Question
A 12-year old boy had a fever, rash, headache, sore throat, and cough. He also had a macular rash on his trunk, face, and arms. A throat culture was negative for Streptococcus pyogenes.
All of the following are complications of this disease except
a. Middle ear infections.
b. Pneumonia.
c. Birth defects.
d. Encephalitis.
e. All are complications of this disease.
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