Textbook Question
Label components of the direct and indirect ELISA tests in the following situations. Which test is direct? Which test provides definitive proof of disease?
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Ch. 18 - Practical Applications of Immunology
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Microbial World and You18
- Ch. 2 - Chemical Principles20
- Ch. 3 - Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope18
- Ch. 4 - Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells21
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism20
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 7 - The Control of Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 8 - Microbial Genetics19
- Ch. 9 - Biotechnology & DNA Technology20
- Ch. 10 - Classification of Microorganisms15
- Ch. 11 - The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea14
- Ch. 12 - The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths17
- Ch. 13 - Viruses, Viroids, and Prions20
- Ch. 14 - Principles of Disease and Epidemiology21
- Ch. 15 - Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity19
- Ch. 16 - Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 17 - Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 18 - Practical Applications of Immunology20
- Ch. 19 - Disorders Associated with the Immune System19
- Ch. 20 - Antimicrobial Drugs19
- Ch. 21 - Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes21
- Ch. 22 - Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System19
- Ch. 23 - Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems20
- Ch. 24 - Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System20
- Ch. 25 - Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System20
- Ch. 26 - Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems19
- Ch. 27 - Environmental Microbiology20
- Ch. 28 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology19
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 18, Problem 7
Use the following choices to answer questions 7–9.
a. Direct fluorescent antibody
b. Indirect fluorescent antibody
c. Rabies immune globulin
d. Killed rabies virus
e. None of the above
Treatment given to a person bitten by a rabid bat.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the context of the problem, which involves treatment after exposure to rabies, a viral infection transmitted by bites from infected animals such as bats.
Step 2: Recall that rabies post-exposure treatment typically involves both passive and active immunization to prevent the virus from progressing.
Step 3: Identify that passive immunization is provided by administering rabies immune globulin, which contains antibodies to neutralize the virus immediately.
Step 4: Recognize that active immunization is given by vaccination with killed rabies virus to stimulate the person's own immune response over time.
Step 5: Since the question asks specifically for treatment given to a person bitten by a rabid bat, the correct choice involves administering rabies immune globulin (passive immunization) along with the rabies vaccine (active immunization). Among the options, rabies immune globulin corresponds to choice 'c'.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Rabies Virus and Transmission
Rabies is a fatal viral infection transmitted through the saliva of infected animals, commonly via bites. Understanding the virus's mode of transmission, incubation period, and progression is crucial for timely and effective treatment to prevent the onset of symptoms.
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04:23
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) for Rabies
PEP involves immediate wound cleaning, administration of rabies immune globulin (RIG) to provide passive immunity, and a series of rabies vaccinations to stimulate active immunity. This combined approach is essential to prevent rabies after potential exposure.
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04:26Post-Translational Modification
Role of Rabies Immune Globulin and Vaccine
Rabies immune globulin (RIG) provides immediate antibodies to neutralize the virus at the wound site, while the killed rabies virus vaccine triggers the body's immune system to develop long-term protection. Both are critical components of effective rabies treatment after exposure.
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02:58Antigens & Antibodies
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Test used to identify rabies virus in the brain of a dog.
a. Direct fluorescent antibody
b. Indirect fluorescent antibody
c. Rabies immune globulin
d. Killed rabies virus
e. None of the above
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Textbook Question
Explain the effects of excess antigen and antibody on the precipitation reaction. How is the precipitin ring test different from an immunodiffusion test?
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Textbook Question
In an immunodiffusion test, a strip of filter paper containing diphtheria antitoxin is placed on a solid culture medium. Then bacteria are streaked perpendicular to the filter paper. If the bacteria are toxigenic,
a. The filter paper will turn red
b. A line of antigen–antibody precipitate will form
c. The cells will lyse
d. The cells will fluoresce
e. None of the above
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Textbook Question
Match the following serological tests in column A to the descriptions in column B.
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Textbook Question
How does the antigen in an agglutination reaction differ from that in a precipitation reaction?
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