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Ch. 18 - Immune Disorders
Bauman - Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy 6th Edition
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302Not the one you use?Change textbook
All textbooksBauman 6th EditionCh. 18 - Immune DisordersProblem 7
Chapter 18, Problem 7

When a surgeon conducts a cardiac bypass operation by transplanting a piece of vein from a patient’s leg to the same patient’s heart, this is a(n):
a. Rejected graft
b. Autograft
c. Allograft
d. Type IV hypersensitivity
e. Cardiograft

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1
Understand the definitions of the key terms related to grafts and transplants in microbiology and immunology:
An autograft is a transplant of tissue from one part of the body to another part of the same individual.
An allograft is a transplant between two genetically different individuals of the same species.
A rejected graft refers to a transplant that the recipient's immune system attacks and fails to accept.
Since the vein is taken from the patient's own leg and transplanted to their heart, this fits the definition of an autograft.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Autograft

An autograft is a surgical graft of tissue taken from one part of a patient's body and transplanted to another part of the same individual. Since the tissue originates from the same person, the risk of immune rejection is minimal, making it ideal for procedures like cardiac bypass using the patient's own vein.

Allograft

An allograft involves transplanting tissue between two genetically different individuals of the same species. Unlike autografts, allografts carry a higher risk of immune rejection because the recipient's immune system recognizes the graft as foreign and may attack it.

Immune Rejection in Transplantation

Immune rejection occurs when the recipient's immune system identifies transplanted tissue as foreign and mounts an attack against it. This process can involve various hypersensitivity reactions, but autografts typically avoid rejection due to genetic identity, unlike allografts or xenografts.
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Infection with HIV causes __________.

a. Primary immunodeficiency disease

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c. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

d. Anaphylactic immunodeficiency diseases

e. Combined immunodeficiency diseases

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Compare and contrast the functions of four classes of immunosuppressive drugs.

Textbook Question

A deficiency of both B cells and T cells is most likely a(n):

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A positive tuberculin skin test indicates that a patient not immunized against tuberculosis:

a. Is free of tuberculosis

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d. Is susceptible to tuberculosis

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Textbook Question

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?

a. A heart attack

b. Acute anaphylaxis

c. Farmer’s lung

d. Graft-versus-host disease

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Textbook Question

What do medical personnel administer to counteract various type I hypersensitivities?

a. Antihistamine

b. Bronchodilator

c. Corticosteroid

d. Epinephrine

e. All of the above

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