Textbook Question
Consider the following case. An animal was infected with a virus. A mosquito bit the animal, was contaminated with the virus, and proceeded to bite and infect a person. Which was the vector?
a. Animal
b. Virus
c. Mosquito
d. Person
Ch. 14 - Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - A Brief History of Microbiology31
- Ch. 2 - The Chemistry of Microbiology28
- Ch. 3 - Cell Structure and Function39
- Ch. 4 - Microscopy, Staining, and Classification25
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism51
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Nutrition and Growth37
- Ch. 7 - Microbial Genetics51
- Ch. 8 - Recombinant DNA Technology21
- Ch. 9 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment36
- Ch. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs21
- Ch. 11 - Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes29
- Ch. 12 - Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes34
- Ch. 13 - Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions23
- Ch. 14 - Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology35
- Ch. 15 - Innate Immunity34
- Ch. 16 - Adaptive Immunity21
- Ch. 17 - Immunization and Immune Testing29
- Ch. 18 - Immune Disorders22
- Ch. 19 - Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria25
- Ch. 20 - Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli28
- Ch. 21 - Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios25
- Ch. 22 - Pathogenic Fungi47
- Ch. 23 - Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors44
- Ch. 24 - Pathogenic DNA Viruses23
- Ch. 25 - Pathogenic RNA Viruses30
- Ch. 26 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology29
- Ch. 27 - Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes22
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 14, Problem 14
A patient contracted athlete’s foot after long-term use of a medication. His physician explained that the malady was directly related to the medication. Such infections are termed:
a. Healthcare-associated infections
b. Exogenous infections
c. Iatrogenic infections
d. Endogenous infections
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the definitions of each type of infection mentioned in the options:
a. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are infections acquired in a healthcare setting, such as a hospital, that were not present or incubating at the time of admission.
b. Exogenous infections are caused by pathogens that enter the body from the external environment, outside the host's normal flora.
c. Iatrogenic infections are a subset of healthcare-associated infections that specifically result from medical treatment or procedures, including the use of medications.
d. Endogenous infections arise from the patient's own normal flora when it becomes pathogenic, often due to changes in the host's environment or immune status.
Since the patient's athlete’s foot developed after long-term use of a medication and was directly related to that medication, identify which infection type corresponds to infections caused by medical treatment.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Iatrogenic Infections
Iatrogenic infections are infections that result directly from medical treatment or procedures, including the use of medications. These infections occur as an unintended consequence of healthcare interventions, such as antibiotic use that disrupts normal flora, leading to opportunistic infections like athlete’s foot.
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Map of Lesson on Bacteriophage Infections
Endogenous vs. Exogenous Infections
Endogenous infections arise from the patient’s own microbiota, while exogenous infections come from external sources. Understanding this distinction helps identify whether an infection is caused by internal flora changes or external pathogens, which is crucial in diagnosing infections related to medication use.
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Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
Healthcare-associated infections are infections acquired during the course of receiving medical care, often in hospitals. While HAIs include iatrogenic infections, not all HAIs are iatrogenic; some may be due to environmental exposure or other factors unrelated to direct medical intervention.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following types of epidemiologists is most like a detective?
a. Descriptive epidemiologist
b. Analytical epidemiologist
c. Experimental epidemiologist
d. Reservoir epidemiologist
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Textbook Question
Which of the following statements is the best definition of a pandemic disease?
a. It normally occurs in a given geographic area.
b, It is a disease that occurs more frequently than usual for a geographical area or group of people.
c. It occurs infrequently at no predictable time scattered over a large area or population.
d. It is an epidemic that occurs on more than one continent at the same time.
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Textbook Question
Which of the following phrases describes a contagious disease?
a. A disease arising from fomites
b. A disease that is easily passed from host to host in aerosols
c. A disease that arises from opportunistic members of the resident microbiome
d. Both a and b