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T Dependent & T Independent Antigens quiz

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  • What is the main difference between T dependent and T independent antigens in B cell activation?
    T dependent antigens require helper T cells for B cell activation, while T independent antigens can activate B cells without helper T cells.
  • What type of cell is required for the activation of naive B cells by T dependent antigens?
    Helper T cells (TH cells) are required for the activation of naive B cells by T dependent antigens.
  • What is the first step in B cell activation by T dependent antigens?
    The first step is the binding of the B cell receptor (BCR) to the free antigen.
  • After binding the antigen, what does the B cell do in the second step of T dependent activation?
    The B cell internalizes and processes the antigen into smaller fragments.
  • On what molecule are antigen fragments presented by B cells during T dependent activation?
    Antigen fragments are presented on MHC Class II molecules on the B cell surface.
  • Which type of T cell recognizes antigens presented on MHC Class II molecules?
    Helper T cells (TH cells) recognize antigens presented on MHC Class II molecules.
  • What do helper T cells release to activate B cells during T dependent activation?
    Helper T cells release cytokines that activate the B cell.
  • Into what two types of cells can activated B cells differentiate?
    Activated B cells can differentiate into plasma cells, which secrete antibodies, or memory B cells, which provide future immunity.
  • What is the key structural feature of T independent antigens?
    T independent antigens are typically long polysaccharides with multiple closely spaced identical repeating subunits.
  • Why are very young children more susceptible to pathogens with T independent antigens?
    T independent antigens do not usually initiate an immune response in very young children, making them more susceptible to these pathogens.
  • Are T independent antigens more or less common than T dependent antigens?
    T independent antigens are less common than T dependent antigens.
  • Can T independent antigens activate B cells without helper T cells?
    Yes, T independent antigens can activate B cells without the need for helper T cells.
  • What happens to a naive B cell after activation by a T independent antigen?
    The naive B cell can proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells or memory B cells.
  • What is the main function of plasma cells derived from activated B cells?
    Plasma cells secrete antibodies to help eliminate pathogens.
  • What is the role of memory B cells formed after B cell activation?
    Memory B cells provide long-term immunity by responding quickly to future infections with the same antigen.