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Overview of Prokaryotic Cell Structure quiz

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  • What is the main function of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells?
    The cell wall protects the cell from damage and provides structural support.
  • What is the glycocalyx and what role does it play in prokaryotic cells?
    The glycocalyx is a sticky layer secreted by the cell that helps form biofilms, allowing microbes to stick together.
  • What are pili and what is their primary function?
    Pili are long protein filaments that extend from the cell surface and are mainly used for attachment.
  • How do cilia differ from pili in prokaryotic cells?
    Cilia are short protein filaments used for movement, while pili are longer and primarily used for attachment.
  • What is the main function of flagella in prokaryotic cells?
    Flagella are long protein filaments specifically used for cell movement.
  • Where are ribosomes located in prokaryotic cells and what is their function?
    Ribosomes are found inside the cell in the cytoplasm and are the site of protein synthesis.
  • What are plasmids and how are they different from the bacterial chromosome?
    Plasmids are circular, double-stranded DNA molecules independent of the chromosome, often carrying additional genes.
  • What are inclusions in prokaryotic cells?
    Inclusions are molecular vesicles in the cytoplasm that store important contents or materials for the cell.
  • What are endospores and why are they important for prokaryotic cells?
    Endospores are dormant, heat-resistant cell types that help bacteria survive harsh conditions.
  • Which external structure of prokaryotic cells is specifically involved in forming biofilms?
    The glycocalyx is involved in forming biofilms by allowing cells to stick together.
  • What is the difference between the functions of flagella and pili?
    Flagella are used for movement, while pili are mainly used for attachment.
  • What type of genetic material do plasmids contain?
    Plasmids contain circular, double-stranded DNA that is separate from the main bacterial chromosome.
  • What is the primary role of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells?
    Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis through the process of translation.
  • Which internal structure allows prokaryotic cells to survive extreme heat?
    Endospores allow prokaryotic cells to survive extreme heat and other damaging conditions.
  • What are inclusions and what do they store in prokaryotic cells?
    Inclusions are vesicles that store important materials or contents needed by the cell.