21. Principles of Disease

The initial flat, red skin lesions of poxviruses are called____.

a. macules

b. papules

c. pustules

d. pocks

Which of the following bacteria might be responsible for the formation of petechiae in a host?

a. Neisseria meningitidis

b. Escherichia coli O157:H7

c. Klebsiella

d. Proteus mirabilis

A spherule stage is seen in humans infected with what organism?

a. Blastomyces dermatitidis

b. Coccidioides immitis

c. Histoplasma capsulatum

d. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

A distinguishing feature of poxvirus is _____.

a. its large size

b. a polyhedral capsid

c. the type of RNA it contains

d. the production of several types of warts

Use the following choices to answer the question given below:

a. Brucellosis

b. Malaria

c. Relapsing fever

d. Rocky Mountain spotted fever

e. Ebola

The patient was hospitalized with fever and headache. Spirochetes were observed in her blood. What is your diagnosis?

Which of the following arthropods is responsible for transmitting the most parasitic diseases? __________         

a. Fleas

b. Ticks

c. Mosquitoes

d. True bugs

The emergence of new infectious diseases is probably due to all of the following except:

a. The need of bacteria to cause disease

b. The ability of humans to travel by air

c. Changing environments (e.g., flood, drought, pollution)

d. A pathogen crossing the species barrier

e. The increasing human population

Which of the following leads to all the rest?

a. Catarrhal stage

b. Cough

c. Loss of cilia

d. Mucus accumulation

e. Tracheal cytotoxin

Pathogens that are very virulent are more likely to cause disease than pathogens that are less virulent (Virulence:the ability of a pathogen to cause and infection/disease). The infectious dose for Virus X is must lower than the infectious dose of Virus Y. Which virus is more virulent?

Match the following terms to their definition. Some terms may be matched to more than one definition and some definitions may not be used.

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How does draining standing water reduce the incidence of malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, Zika, and chikungunya?

Why do pediatricians recommend that children under one year never be fed honey?

Mark each statement as true or false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true by changing the underlined word(s).

__________ Trypanosoma brucei is transmitted by tsetse flies, and Trypanosoma cruzi is transmitted by kissing bugs.

How is an opportunistic pathogen different from a pathogen?

Identify the viral family causing or implicated in each of the following diseases. A viral family name may be used more than once.

1. ____ Chickenpox

2. ____ Smallpox

3. ____ Cowpox

4. ____ Molluscum contagiosum

5. ____ HHV-1 infection

6. ____ Whitlow

7. ____ Shingles

8. ____ Burkitt's lymphoma

9. ____ Infectious mononucleosis

10. ____ Chronic fatigue syndrome

11. ____ Cytomegalovirus infection

12. ____ Genital warts

13. ____ Roseola

14. ____ Plantar warts

15. ____ Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

16. ____ Common cold

17. ____ Hepatitis B

18. ____ Fifth disease

A. Poxviridae

B. Herpesviridae

C. Papillomaviridae

D. Adenoviridae

E. Hepadnaviridae

F. Parvoviridae

G. Polyomaviridae