19. Innate Immunity

Which of the following are considered cytokines? Select all that apply.

a. Eicosanoids

b. TNF- α

c. Interferon β

d. Histamine

e. Chemokines

In what process is tumor necrosis factor (TNF) not involved?

Which of the following would you expect to see in acute infection by a Gram-negative bacterium? Select all that apply.

a. Pyrexia

b. Decreased lymphocytes

c. Neutrophilic lymphocytosis

d. Decreased monocytes

e. Increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines

During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine _____, which activates T helper cells.

How do cytokines function?

If the body needs to stimulate the production and proliferation of B cells, which type of interleukin signal would it use?

The "voices"of a cell, which carry messages, are:

Which type of cytokine is used to recruit immune cells to the site of infection, inflammation, or tissue damage?