12. Microbial Metabolism

Indicate whether the following statement is true or false. Rewrite the underlined phrase to make a false statement true.

______ Sauerkraut production involves the alcoholic fermentation of cabbage.

Commercially produced beers and wines are usually fermented with the aid of _______.

a. Naturally occurring bacteria

b. Naturally occurring yeast

c. Specific cultured bacteria

d. Specific cultured yeast

Under ideal conditions, the fermentation of one glucose molecule by a bacterium allows a net gain of how many ATP molecules?

a. 2

b. 4

c. 38

d. 0

Label the steps in the wine-making process.

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Use the following choices to answer the question.

a. E. coli growing in glucose broth at 35℃ with O₂ for 5 days

b. E. coli growing in glucose broth at 35℃ without O₂ for 5 days

c. Both a and b

d. Neither a nor b

Which culture produces the most ATP?

Fermentation allows a cell to:

a) Recycle NADH to NAD⁺ for glycolysis.

b) Use NADH as a terminal electron acceptor.

c) Reduce NAD⁺ to NADH for glycolysis.

d) Synthesize ATP via ATP synthase.

Which one of the following is not a fuel produced by microorganisms?

a. Algal oil

b. Ethanol

c. Hydrogen

d. Methane

e. Uranium

How do yeast cells make alcohol and cause bread to rise?

Which of the following describes a primary function of both lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation?

a) Reduction of NAD⁺ to NADH.

b) Oxidation of NADH to NAD⁺.

c) Reduction of FAD to FADH₂.

d)  Hydrolysis of ATP to ADP.

Use the following choices to answer the question:

a. Aerobic respiration

b. Anaerobic respiration

c. Anoxygenic photosynthesis

d. Oxygenic photosynthesis

A primary goal in wastewater treatment is to reduce the _________.