1. Introduction to Microbiology

Robert Hook's and Antonie van Leeuwenhoek's microscopes were not powerful enough to observe:

A Salmonella species is grown for 8 hours. In this time, each cell divides about four times. What is the generation time?

The study of protozoa is called ____________.

The study of fungi is called ___________.

The laboratory of Robert Koch contributed which of the following to the field of microbiology?

a. Simple staining technique

b. Use of Petri dishes

c. First photomicrograph of bacteria

d. All of the above

If a bacterium that normally lives in the gastrointestinal tract is plunged into a salty solution, what would occur?

a. Halophilic adjustment

b. Osmotic concentration

c. Lysis

d. Plasmolysis

e. Nothing

Which of these are characteristics of microorganisms?

Match each of the following descriptions with the person it best describes more than once or not at all. An answer may be used more than once.

1. Developed smallpox immunization

2. First photomicrograph of bacteria

3. Used mathematical data to improve nursing

4. Germs cause disease

5. Sought a “magic bullet” to destroy pathogens

6. Early epidemiologist

7. Father of Microbiology

8. Classification system

9. Discoverer of bacteria

10. Discoverer of protozoa

11. Founder of antiseptic surgery

12. Developed the most widely used bacterial staining technique

A. John Snow

B. Paul Ehrlich

C. Louis Pasteur

D. Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

E. Carolus Linnaeus

F. John Needham

G. Eduard Buchner

H. Robert Koch

I. Joseph Lister

J. Edward Jenner

K. Girolamo Fracastoro

L. Hans Christian Gram

M. Florence Nightingale

It has been said that bacteria are essential for the existence of life on Earth. Which of the following is the essential function performed by bacteria?

a. Control insect populations

b. Directly provide food for humans

c. Decompose organic material and recycle elements

d. Cause disease

e. Produce human hormones such as insulin

Fill in the blanks with the name(s) of the scientist(s) whose investigations led to the following fields of study in microbiology.

Epidemiology ____________.

Fill in the blanks with the name(s) of the scientist(s) whose investigations led to the following fields of study in microbiology.

Environmental microbiology ___________ and _____________            

Fill in the blanks with the name(s) of the scientist(s) whose investigations led to the following fields of study in microbiology.

Immunology____________.

Van Leeuwenhoek described microorganisms as:

a. Animalcules

b. Prokaryotes

c. Eukaryotes

d. Protozoa

A scientist who studies the role of microorganisms in the environment is a(n):

a. Genetic technologist

b. Earth microbiologist

c. Epidemiologist

d. Environmental microbiologist