Which of the following statements about mutations is correct?

The number of individuals in a population with each of the following genotypes is listed below. What is the frequency of the small t allele?

TT: 640

Tt: 200

tt: 160

Gia and Kojo collect a sample of beetles to calculate the frequency for the W allele. After genotyping the individuals in their sample, they count the following genotypes:

WW: 50

Ww: 170

ww: 120

Gia calculates the frequency by taking: $W=\frac{50+50+170}{680}$

Kojo calculates the frequency by taking: $W=\frac{2\left(50\right)+170}{50+170+120}$

Who calculated the frequency incorrectly, and what was their mistake?

Which process ensures that alleles are always found in new combinations?

Mutations that don’t impact the fitness of an allele can be called?

Gene trees are evolutionary trees that show the evolutionary lineages of specific genes separate from organisms. Below is a gene tree for the genes that code for opsins in humans. Opsins are the light sensitive proteins in the eyes. Humans have four opsins that are active in visual perception: long-wavelength sensitive (LWS or red-sensitive), medium-wavelength sensitive (MWS or green sensitive), short-wavelength sensitive (SWS or blue sensitive), and rhodopsin (RH, not color sensitive). Which mutational process would be most likely to create a gene tree like this?

Natural selection is able to work independently on different genes that are found on the same chromosome because of which process?

Over short time periods, what would you expect to be responsible for creating the most genetic variation in humans?

When all the alleles in a population are considered together, independently of the individuals they come from, we call that the ___________.