Textbook Question
Suppose a mutation occurs in the DNA section in problem 17.89, and the first base in the parent chain, adenine, is replaced by guanine.
a. What type of mutation has occurred?
Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives11
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy54
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements51
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions41
- Ch.8 Gases29
- Ch.9 Solutions51
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium65
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons78
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones83
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides90
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis83
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production67
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 17, Problem 89a
Answer the following questions for the given section of DNA:
a. Complete the bases in the parent and new strands.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the structure of DNA. DNA is a double-stranded molecule where each strand is composed of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. The bases pair specifically: adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G).
Step 2: Analyze the given DNA sequence. If the parent strand is provided, identify the sequence of bases on this strand. For example, if the parent strand has a sequence like A-T-G-C, note that these bases are complementary to the new strand.
Step 3: Apply base-pairing rules to complete the new strand. For each base in the parent strand, write the complementary base in the new strand. For example, if the parent strand has A, the new strand will have T; if the parent strand has G, the new strand will have C.
Step 4: If the image contains partial sequences, complete the missing bases in both the parent and new strands by following the base-pairing rules. Ensure that each base in the parent strand has a corresponding complementary base in the new strand.
Step 5: Double-check your work to ensure that all base pairs are correctly matched and that the DNA strands are antiparallel (one strand runs 5' to 3', and the other runs 3' to 5').
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
DNA Structure
DNA is composed of two strands forming a double helix, with each strand made up of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine). The bases pair specifically: adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine, which is crucial for DNA replication and transcription.
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3:27
DNA Double Helix Concept 1
Base Pairing Rules
Base pairing rules dictate how nucleotides pair in DNA. Adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). Understanding these rules is essential for completing the bases in both the parent and new strands of DNA, as they ensure accurate replication and maintain genetic fidelity.
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2:01Base Pairing Concept 2
DNA Replication
DNA replication is the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA before cell division. It involves unwinding the double helix and synthesizing new strands complementary to the original strands, following the base pairing rules. This process is vital for genetic continuity and is facilitated by enzymes such as DNA polymerase.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
The following is a segment of the template strand of human BRCA1 gene:
TGG AAT TAT CTG CTC TTC GCG
a. Write the corresponding mRNA segment.
Textbook Question
The following is a segment of the template strand of human BRCA1 gene:
TGG AAT TAT CTG CTC TTC GCG
b. Write the three-letter and one-letter abbreviations for the corresponding peptide segment.
Textbook Question
Answer the following questions for the given section of DNA:
b. Using the new strand as a template, write the mRNA sequence.
Textbook Question
Answer the following questions for the given section of DNA:
c. Write the three-letter symbols for the amino acids that would go into the peptide from the mRNA you wrote in part b.
Textbook Question
The following is a segment of the template strand of human BRCA1 gene:
TGG AAT TAT CTG CTC TTC GCG
c. If there is a point mutation in the fourth nucleotide triplet and A replaces G, what is the change, if any, in the amino acid sequence?