Textbook Question
(c) Write the formulas for the analogousspecies of the elements of period 3;
Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement177
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions231
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry216
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution189
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry175
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms168
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements150
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding177
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories200
- Ch.10 - Gases179
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces113
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials154
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions157
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics199
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium128
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria164
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria163
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment105
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics164
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry171
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals82
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry79
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry16
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 9, Problem 52d
What is the hybridization of the central atom in (d) NO2?
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Identify the central atom in the molecule NO2. In this case, nitrogen (N) is the central atom.
Count the number of atoms directly bonded to the central nitrogen atom. In NO2, there are two oxygen atoms bonded to nitrogen.
Determine the number of lone pairs on the central atom. In NO2, nitrogen has one lone pair.
Add the number of sigma bonds and lone pairs to find the steric number. For NO2, this is 2 sigma bonds + 1 lone pair = 3.
Use the steric number to determine the hybridization: A steric number of 3 corresponds to sp2 hybridization.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Hybridization
Hybridization is a concept in chemistry that describes the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals. These hybrid orbitals are used to explain the geometry and bonding properties of molecules. The type of hybridization depends on the number of electron pairs around the central atom, which influences the molecular shape.
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Hybridization
Molecular Geometry
Molecular geometry refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule. It is determined by the number of bonding pairs and lone pairs of electrons around the central atom, which can be predicted using the VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory. Understanding molecular geometry is crucial for predicting the physical and chemical properties of substances.
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Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a chemical compound consisting of one nitrogen atom and two oxygen atoms. It is a bent molecule due to the presence of a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom, which affects its hybridization. The hybridization of the nitrogen atom in NO2 can be determined by analyzing its bonding and lone pairs, leading to a specific hybridization state.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
What is the hybridization of the central atom in (c) O3?
Textbook Question
Shown here are three pairs of hybrid orbitals, with each set at a characteristic angle. For each pair, determine the type of hybridization, if any, that could lead to hybrid orbitals at the specified angle. (a)
(b)
(c)
Textbook Question
Indicate the hybridization of the central atom in (c) P1OH23 (d) AlI3.
Textbook Question
What is the hybridization of the central atom in (a) PBr5? (b) CH2O?
Textbook Question
(a) Which geometry and central atom hybridization would you expect in the series BH4-, CH4, NH4+?