Q: A student measures the mass of a metal sample as 45.6 g and its volume as 12.0 mL. What is the density of the metal, expressed with the correct number of significant figures?

$$d = \frac{45.6\ \text{g}}{12.0\ \text{mL}} = 3.80\ \text{g/mL}$$

Q: Which of the following is a pure substance?

Carbon dioxide ($$\text{CO}_2)$$

Q: A sample of water has a mass of 250 g and occupies a volume of 250 mL. What is its density?

$$d = \frac{250\ \text{g}}{250\ \text{mL}} = 1.0\ \text{g/mL}$$

Q: Which of the following is an example of a covalent bond?

The bond between two hydrogen atoms in $$\text{H}_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes a compound?

Accepted Answer

A substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio.

Question 2

A student measures the mass of a metal sample as 45.6 g and its volume as 12.0 mL. What is the density of the metal, expressed with the correct number of significant figures?

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{45.6\ 	ext{g}}{12.0\ 	ext{mL}} = 3.80\ 	ext{g/mL}$$

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an SI base unit?

Accepted Answer

Liter (L)

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why ionic bonds form between metals and nonmetals?

Accepted Answer

Metals tend to lose electrons and nonmetals tend to gain electrons, resulting in electron transfer and formation of ions.

Question 5

Which of the following is a pure substance?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide ($$	ext{CO}_2)$$

Question 6

A chemist needs to measure the temperature of a reaction. Which SI unit should be used?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin ($$	ext{K})$$

Question 7

Which of the following statements about atoms is correct?

Accepted Answer

Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons orbit the nucleus.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between an element and a compound?

Accepted Answer

An element cannot be broken down by chemical means, while a compound can.

Question 9

A sample of water has a mass of 250 g and occupies a volume of 250 mL. What is its density?

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{250\ 	ext{g}}{250\ 	ext{mL}} = 1.0\ 	ext{g/mL}$$

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between two hydrogen atoms in $$	ext{H}_2$$

Question 11

Which property distinguishes a solid from a liquid?

Accepted Answer

A solid has a fixed shape, while a liquid takes the shape of its container.

Question 12

Which of the following measurements contains the greatest number of significant figures?

Accepted Answer

0.004560

Question 13

A student mixes two clear liquids and observes the formation of a white solid. Which type of change has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A chemical change, because a new substance (precipitate) has formed.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the periodic table's organization?

Accepted Answer

Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number.

Question 15

A hospital stores oxygen gas in large tanks. Which state of matter is oxygen under these conditions?

Accepted Answer

Gas

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formula for density?

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{m}{V}$$

Question 17

A student records the following measurements: 2.50 m, 2.5 m, and 2.500 m. Which measurement is the most precise?

Accepted Answer

2.500 m

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a pure substance?

Accepted Answer

Variable composition

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of the mole in chemistry?

Accepted Answer

It is the SI unit for the amount of substance.

Question 20

A student is asked to distinguish between ionic and covalent bonds using sodium chloride ($$	ext{NaCl}) $$and water ($$	ext{H}_2	ext{O}) as $$examples. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{NaCl}$$ contains ionic bonds formed by electron transfer, while $$	ext{H}_2	ext{O}$$ contains covalent bonds formed by electron sharing.

Matter and Measurements: General Chemistry Study Guide

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