Question 1

Which of the following elements has the greatest number of valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

Bromine (Br)

Question 2

For a main group element, how do you determine the number of valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

It is equal to the group number for groups 1A-8A.

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct Lewis dot symbol for sulfur (S)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{S}$$ with 6 dots around it

Question 4

When drawing a Lewis dot symbol for an ion, what should you do for a cation?

Accepted Answer

Remove electrons and place the symbol in brackets with a positive charge.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the process for drawing a Lewis dot symbol for tellurium (Te)?

Accepted Answer

Place 6 dots around the symbol, one at a time on each side, pairing after each side has one electron.

Question 6

A transition metal such as iron (Fe) has how many valence electrons according to the rules in the study material?

Accepted Answer

The sum of its $$4s$$ and $$3d$$ electrons

Question 7

Which of the following statements about Lewis dot symbols is correct?

Accepted Answer

The element symbol represents the nucleus and all inner electrons.

Question 8

If you are given the ion $$\mathrm{Cl}^-$$, how should you represent its Lewis dot symbol?

Accepted Answer

Place 8 dots around Cl, enclose in brackets, and write $$^- in $$the upper right corner.

Question 9

Which of the following elements would have a Lewis dot symbol with only one dot?

Accepted Answer

Potassium (K)

Question 10

A student draws the Lewis dot symbol for magnesium (Mg) as $$\mathrm{Mg}$$ with 3 dots. What is the error in this representation?

Accepted Answer

Magnesium should have only 2 dots, corresponding to its 2 valence electrons.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why noble gases have 8 dots in their Lewis dot symbols (except for helium)?

Accepted Answer

They have a full valence shell, corresponding to 8 valence electrons.

Question 12

When drawing Lewis dot symbols, what is the correct order for placing electrons around the element symbol?

Accepted Answer

Start from the top and move clockwise, placing one electron on each side before pairing.

Question 13

Which of the following ions would have the same Lewis dot symbol as neon (Ne)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{F}^-$$

Question 14

A chemist is drawing the Lewis dot symbol for $$\mathrm{Zn} ($$zinc). According to the rules, how many valence electrons should be shown?

Accepted Answer

2, from the $$4s$$ electrons

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between the Lewis dot symbols for $$\mathrm{O}$$ and $$\mathrm{O}^{2-}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{O}^{2-}$$ has 8 dots and is enclosed in brackets with a $$^{2-}$$ charge.

Question 16

Which of the following elements is a transition metal and requires both $$s$$ and $$d$$ electrons to determine its valence electrons for Lewis dot symbols?

Accepted Answer

Iron (Fe)

Question 17

A student is asked to draw the Lewis dot symbol for $$\mathrm{K}^+. $$What should the symbol look like?

Accepted Answer

$$[\mathrm{K}]^+$$ with no dots

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct real-world application of Lewis dot symbols?

Accepted Answer

Predicting how sodium and chlorine combine to form table salt ($$\mathrm{NaCl})$$

Question 19

If an element is in group 5A, how many valence electrons will its Lewis dot symbol have?

Accepted Answer

5

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why calcium (Ca) forms a $$2^+$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

It loses its two valence electrons to achieve a stable noble gas configuration.

Lewis Dot Symbols and Valence Electrons in Chemical Bonding

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