Question 1

What is the condensed electron configuration for phosphorus (Z = 15)?

Accepted Answer

[Ne] $$3s^2$$ $$3p^3$$

Question 2

Which element is the most electronegative in Group 7A (halogens)?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine (F)

Question 3

According to the octet rule, how many valence electrons does oxygen have in a water molecule (H2O)?

Accepted Answer

8 valence electrons: 4 shared and 4 unshared

Question 4

What is the formal charge on the central carbon atom in the thiocyanate ion (NCS^-)? (N is bonded to C, which is bonded to S; N has a lone pair, S has three lone pairs)

Accepted Answer

0

Question 5

When drawing the Lewis structure for COCl2, which atom should be placed in the center?

Accepted Answer

Carbon

Question 6

Which of the following best describes resonance structures?

Accepted Answer

They are multiple valid Lewis structures for a molecule, differing only in the placement of electrons.

Question 7

What is the hybridization of the central atom in HCN?

Accepted Answer

sp

Question 8

Which of the following molecules is polar?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3)

Question 9

Which functional group is present in the following structure: CH3COOH?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid

Question 10

Which of the following statements about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 11

Which principle is violated if two electrons in the same orbital have the same spin?

Accepted Answer

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Question 12

What is the total number of valence electrons in the nitrate ion, NO3^-?

Accepted Answer

24 (5 from N, 6 from each O, plus 1 for the negative charge)

Question 13

Which of the following molecules is a hydrocarbon?

Accepted Answer

CH4

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a nonpolar molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with polar bonds and a perfect shape that cancels dipoles.

Question 15

How many unhybridized p orbitals are present on the central atom of a molecule with sp2 hybridization?

Accepted Answer

1

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formal charge calculation for an atom with 6 valence electrons, 4 nonbonding electrons, and 2 bonds?

Accepted Answer

Formal charge = 6 - (4 + 2) = 0

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a resonance hybrid?

Accepted Answer

A structure that is the average of all major resonance structures.

Question 18

Which of the following molecules contains a trigonal planar geometry around its central atom?

Accepted Answer

BF3

Notes By Ron

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